Hartrick G A
School of Nursing, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Health Care Women Int. 1997 May-Jun;18(3):263-77. doi: 10.1080/07399339709516280.
Feminist poststructuralists maintain that the self develops through the process of social interaction and is constituted and reconstituted through the various discursive practices in which people participate. For mothers, Western culture provides a confusing blend of conflicting discourses. Whereas discourses around healthy self-definition stress the importance of autonomy, differentiation, and separation of the individual from others throughout the life cycle, discourses around mothering emphasize women's abnegation of the self, self-lessness, and self-sacrifice. Drawing on elements of phenomenological research and feminist inquiry, this study examined the experience of self-definition for women who are mothers. The study revealed three elements within mothers' process of defining self, including (a) nonreflective doing, (b) living in the shadows, and (c) reclaiming and discovering self. Within each of these elements, a number of themes were described and illuminated. In revealing the process of self-definition, the women described an integral relationships between the process of defining self and their experience of health.
女性主义后结构主义者认为，自我是通过社会互动过程发展而来的，并通过人们参与的各种话语实践得以构建和重构。对于母亲们而言，西方文化提供了一种相互冲突的话语的混乱组合。围绕健康自我定义的话语强调自主性、差异化以及个体在整个生命周期中与他人分离的重要性，而围绕母性的话语则强调女性对自我的克制、无私和自我牺牲。本研究借鉴现象学研究和女性主义探究的元素，考察了身为母亲的女性的自我定义体验。该研究揭示了母亲们自我定义过程中的三个要素，包括（a）非反思性行动，（b）隐匿生活，以及（c） reclaiming and discovering self。在这些要素中的每一个要素里，都描述并阐明了若干主题。在揭示自我定义的过程中，这些女性描述了自我定义过程与她们的健康体验之间的一种不可或缺的关系。 （注：“reclaiming and discovering self”这个短语可能有误，推测可能是“reclaiming and rediscovering self”，直译为“ reclaiming and rediscovering self”为“重新找回和重新发现自我” ）
