Lindholm L
Department of Caring Science, Abo Akademi University, Vasa, Finland.
Scand J Caring Sci. 1997;11(2):81-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.1997.tb00437.x.
The aim of this study was to investigate the health motives of young people, i.e. the things that give health meaning. The investigation was carried out as two studies among Finland-Swedish young people aged 13-19. A questionnaire with open questions framed with a multidimensional perspective on health was filled in by 152 pupils at secondary school, 121 pupils at upper secondary school and 115 pupils at vocational school in study I. A theme interview with 15 young persons was the data assembling method used in study II. The data was analysed using the hermeneutical method. The results revealed that a young person's experience of health and idea of what health is cannot be understood in a deeper sense without understanding the young person's health motives. The health motives can be described at different levels as external, internal and fundamental. The different motives for health form health motive complexes, which are based on an aspiration to avoid something perceived as evil, such as illness and suffering. On the other hand, the motives are based on an aspiration to achieve what is good, such as love and life. The motives mentioned as meaningful for health have to do with the things that are valued in life. Consciousness of life values that last and can give meaning provides an answer to the 'why' of health. Humanistic values, existentialistic values, materialistic values or traditionalistic values give the clue to why health is meaningful for a young person. The results also indicated that there are difference in young persons' health motives in different school contexts.
本研究的目的是调查年轻人的健康动机，即赋予健康意义的事物。该调查作为两项研究，针对13 - 19岁的芬兰裔瑞典年轻人展开。在研究一中，152名中学生、121名高中生和115名职业学校学生填写了一份包含开放式问题的问卷，这些问题从多维视角构建了对健康的看法。在研究二中，对15名年轻人进行主题访谈作为数据收集方法。数据采用诠释学方法进行分析。结果表明，如果不理解年轻人的健康动机，就无法更深入地理解年轻人的健康体验以及他们对健康的认知。健康动机可以在不同层面被描述为外部、内部和根本动机。不同的健康动机形成了健康动机复合体，其基于避免被视为邪恶事物（如疾病和痛苦）的愿望。另一方面，这些动机基于实现美好事物（如爱和生活）的愿望。被提及对健康有意义的动机与生活中被重视的事物相关。对持久且能赋予意义的生活价值观的意识为健康的“为何”提供了答案。人文主义价值观、存在主义价值观、物质主义价值观或传统主义价值观为健康对年轻人为何有意义提供了线索。结果还表明，不同学校环境下年轻人的健康动机存在差异。
