Grammer L C, Shaughnessy M A, Zeiss C R, Greenberger P A, Patterson R
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago.
Allergy Asthma Proc. 1997 Jul-Aug;18(4):235-7. doi: 10.2500/108854197778594070.
Acid anhydrides such as trimellitic anhydride (TMA) are of interest due to their important industrial uses and to their adverse health effects in exposed populations. Important industrial uses of TMA include the production of epoxy and alkyd resins used to manufacture a variety of coating materials. The adverse health effects are a result of its direct irritant effects on mucosal surfaces in all exposed humans as well as its ability to cause immunologic sensitization in a small proportion of humans. In those individuals who are immunologically sensitized, reexposure to TMA can result in well described immunologic syndromes: asthma-rhinitis, late respiratory systemic syndrome (LRSS), and very rarely pulmonary disease anemia syndrome (PDA). In summary, adverse health effects of TMA are due to its effects as an irritant, an immunologic sensitizer, or a combination of both.
诸如偏苯三酸酐（TMA）之类的酸酐因其重要的工业用途以及对接触人群的健康不利影响而备受关注。TMA的重要工业用途包括生产用于制造各种涂料的环氧树脂和醇酸树脂。其对健康的不利影响是由于它对所有接触者的粘膜表面具有直接刺激作用，以及它能够在一小部分人中引起免疫致敏。在那些免疫致敏的个体中，再次接触TMA可导致已充分描述的免疫综合征：哮喘-鼻炎、晚期呼吸系统综合征（LRSS），以及非常罕见的肺部疾病贫血综合征（PDA）。总之，TMA对健康的不利影响是由于其作为刺激物、免疫致敏剂或两者兼有的作用。
