García-García J A, Landa Petralanda V, Trigueros Manzano M C, Calvo Aedo P, Gaminde Inda I
Centros de Salud de Basauri y Ortuella, Bizkaia.
Aten Primaria. 1996 Nov 30;18(9):475-9.
To understand the grieving process after the loss of a spouse and to find the opinion of the person grieving about the best intervention under the circumstances.
Qualitative, with discussion groups.
Primary care.
Widowers/widows between 30 and 70, who suffered their loss between 3 months and 2 years before the study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS. The data were obtained from recordings and transcriptions, and the main ideas analysed. Two groups were defined: 11 widows between 49 and 68 years old and 6 widowers between 36 and 70. The majority of deaths had followed a previous terminal illness. Four phases of grief were found: 1) anticipated grief, 2) early grief, 3) intermediate grief and 4) delayed grief. There were differences between widows and widowers. An intervention could involve: pre-arranged appointments, home visits, and groups and, in general, spaces to be able to "talk".
The results, in so far as they refer to the grieving process and similarities and differences of type, coincide with other authors. The participants highlighted the importance of psychological support from health workers during the last moments of the illness and the importance of this in how grieving developed. Similarly, they evaluated their own support to the dying spouse as an additional factor which helped them.
了解配偶离世后的悲痛过程，并探寻悲痛者对于在此情形下最佳干预措施的看法。
采用讨论组的定性研究。
初级保健机构。
年龄在30至70岁之间的鳏夫/寡妇，他们在研究前3个月至2年期间经历了配偶离世。测量与主要结果。数据通过录音和转录获取，并对主要观点进行分析。界定了两组：11名年龄在49至68岁之间的寡妇和6名年龄在36至70岁之间的鳏夫。大多数死亡是在先前的绝症之后发生的。发现了悲痛的四个阶段：1）预期悲痛，2）早期悲痛，3）中期悲痛和4）延迟悲痛。寡妇和鳏夫之间存在差异。一种干预措施可能包括：预先安排的预约、家访、小组活动，以及总体而言能够“倾诉”的空间。
就悲痛过程以及类型的异同而言，研究结果与其他作者一致。参与者强调了医护人员在疾病末期给予心理支持的重要性，以及这对悲痛发展方式的重要性。同样，他们将自己对濒死配偶的支持视为帮助他们的一个额外因素。
