Lewis R J, Cash T F, Jacobi L, Bubb-Lewis C
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Obes Res. 1997 Jul;5(4):297-307. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00555.x.
Although the stigma of obesity in our society is well documented, the measurement of antifat attitudes has been a difficult undertaking. Two studies were conducted to construct and validate the Antifat Attitudes Test (AFAT). In study 1, college students (110 men and 175 women) completed the preliminary 54-item AFAT and specific indices of body image and weight-related concerns. Psychometric and factor analysis revealed a 47-item composite scale and three internally consistent factors that were uncorrelated with social desirability: Social/Character Disparagement, Physical/Romantic Unattractiveness, and Weight Control/Blame. Several body images correlates of antifat prejudice were identified, and men expressed more negative attitudes than women. Study 2 experimentally examined the effects of information about the controllability of weight on the antifat attitudes of 120 participants. Exposure to information on behavioral vs. biogenetic control led to greater blame of persons who are fat for their body size. The implications of the findings and the potential utility of the AFAT are discussed.
尽管在我们的社会中，肥胖的污名化现象有充分的文献记载，但测量反肥胖态度一直是一项艰巨的任务。我们进行了两项研究来构建和验证反肥胖态度测试（AFAT）。在研究1中，大学生（110名男性和175名女性）完成了初步的54项AFAT以及身体意象和体重相关担忧的具体指标。心理测量和因素分析揭示了一个47项的综合量表和三个与社会期望不相关的内部一致因素：社会/性格贬低、身体/浪漫缺乏吸引力以及体重控制/责备。确定了几个与反肥胖偏见相关的身体意象因素，并且男性比女性表达出更消极的态度。研究2通过实验检验了关于体重可控性的信息对120名参与者反肥胖态度的影响。接触关于行为控制与生物遗传控制的信息导致对肥胖者身体尺寸的更多指责。我们讨论了研究结果的意义以及AFAT的潜在效用。
