Gies H P, Roy C R, McLennan A, Diffey B L, Pailthorpe M, Driscoll C, Whillock M, McKinlay A F, Grainger K, Clark I, Sayre R M
Australian Radiation Laboratory, Yallambie.
Health Phys. 1997 Sep;73(3):456-64. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199709000-00003.
In an attempt to reduce the incidence of skin cancer, cancer foundations have run educational campaigns which encourage the general population to limit their solar UVR exposures. An important part of these campaigns, in particular in Australia, but also more recently in Europe and the U.S., has been the adoption of protective measures such as sunscreens, hats, sunglasses and clothing. The protective properties of fabrics and clothing against ultraviolet radiation (UVR) have been known for some time, but recently there has been considerable interest in quantifying the degree of protection. This has been generated, in part, by the requirements for occupational protection for outdoor workers as well as the provision of UVR protection for the recreational market. The quantification of UVR protection has been laboratory based using in vitro test methods. Development of a standard test method has become an important part of the testing process, and this paper presents results from an intercomparison involving five independent testing laboratories. Agreement is good, in particular for samples with protection factors below 50. Technical difficulties and sources of errors associated with the measurements are discussed.
为降低皮肤癌发病率，癌症基金会开展了教育活动，鼓励公众限制日光紫外线辐射（UVR）暴露。这些活动的一个重要部分，特别是在澳大利亚，以及最近在欧洲和美国，是采取防晒措施，如涂抹防晒霜、戴帽子、太阳镜和穿着防护服。织物和服装对紫外线辐射（UVR）的防护性能已为人所知一段时间，但最近人们对量化防护程度产生了浓厚兴趣。这部分是由于户外工作者的职业防护要求以及为休闲市场提供UVR防护的需求所引发的。UVR防护的量化是基于实验室采用体外测试方法进行的。制定标准测试方法已成为测试过程的重要组成部分，本文展示了五个独立测试实验室进行的比对结果。一致性良好，特别是对于防护系数低于50的样品。文中还讨论了与测量相关的技术难题和误差来源。
