Ambati B K, Ambati J, Rao A M
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, USA.
AIDS Care. 1997 Jun;9(3):319-30. doi: 10.1080/09540129750125118.
AIDS awareness and attitudes among an educated segment of the Indian population were assessed. The study population was a total of 433 students and faculty in colleges and universities, and research & technical staff of the Public Health Service. While most knew that sexual intercourse (96%) & injection drug use (85%) could transmit HIV, and that shaking hands (95%) & mosquitoes (86%) could not, 63% did not know that breastfeeding was a mode of transmission and 71% falsely believed that they could acquire HIV by donating blood. The only variable to correlate positively with knowledge was education. Knowledge about true and false modes of transmission constituted three distinct dimensions as determined by factor analysis. An overwhelming majority (90%) harboured at least one hostile view towards persons with AIDS. Knowledge and education independently correlated with decreased hostility. There was great concern about the impact of the disease: 85% believed that AIDS is a very serious problem in India and 93% favoured increased government spending on AIDS education. These results display high levels of knowledge (with some gaps), and widespread support for increased action.
对印度受过教育人群的艾滋病认知和态度进行了评估。研究对象共有433名大专院校学生和教职员工以及公共卫生服务机构的研究与技术人员。虽然大多数人知道性交（96%）和注射吸毒（85%）会传播艾滋病毒，握手（95%）和蚊子叮咬（86%）不会传播，但63%的人不知道母乳喂养是一种传播方式，71%的人错误地认为献血会感染艾滋病毒。与知识呈正相关的唯一变量是教育程度。通过因素分析确定，关于传播的真假方式的知识构成了三个不同的维度。绝大多数人（90%）对艾滋病患者至少持有一种敌对观点。知识和教育程度分别与敌意减少相关。人们对该疾病的影响极为担忧：85%的人认为艾滋病在印度是一个非常严重的问题，93%的人赞成政府增加艾滋病教育支出。这些结果显示出较高的认知水平（存在一些差距），以及对加大行动力度的广泛支持。
