[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a patient without bronchial asthma who had chronic airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

A 25-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of uncontrollable coughing and sputum production. He had been suffering from coughing and sputum production since he was 7 years old. He was given a diagnosis of bronchiectasis and persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa when he was 16 years old. One year of treatment with erythromycin and another year of treatment with roxithromycin were not effective. After he was referred to our hospital in 1993, he was given clarithromycin together with tosufloxacin for two years as an outpatient. The treatment was not very effective, but some prophylactic effect was seen with regard to prevention of acute exacerbations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection. Examination after admission revealed a high level of serum IgE (3703 U/ml), a strong skin reaction to aspergillus allergen, and marked central bronchiectasis in both upper lobes. He had no history of eosinophilia or of attacks of dyspnea. Our diagnosis was acute exacerbation of long-standing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and chronic airway infection. Treatment with oral prednisolone (30 mg per day) together with intravenous cefsulodin for three weeks resulted in marked relief symptoms and improvement in pulmonary function. The delay in correct diagnosis seems to have been caused by the lack of an obvious episode of asthma, and by the fact that the chronic productive coughing was thought to have been due to bronchiectasis, and to chronic bacterial infection. The characteristic bronchiectasis of this patient prompted us to examine the allergic reaction to aspergillus and let us to the correct diagnosis.