Dalke B S, Sonon R N, Young M A, Huck G L, Kreikemeier K K, Bolsen K K
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1997 Sep;75(9):2561-6. doi: 10.2527/1997.7592561x.
We conducted two experiments to determine the feeding value and effects on diet digestibilities, passage rates, and ruminal metabolism of wheat middlings (WM) fed as a replacement for either the concentrate or roughage components of finishing diets of steers. In Exp. 1, 120 medium-framed steers were blocked by weight and randomly allocated to one of six treatments of high-concentrate diets: control (0%); 5, 10, or 15% pelleted WM replacing dry-rolled corn (DRC); and 5 or 10% pelleted WM replacing chopped alfalfa hay (ALF) components of the diet. Increasing WM replacement of DRC increased DMI (P < .01) and feed:gain ratio (FG; P < .05) linearly. A 9.2% increase in daily DMI and 10.1% increase in FG were observed at 15% of WM. Daily gain and final weight of the steers were not influenced by WM replacement of DRC. The WM replacement of ALF decreased (P < .01) daily DMI linearly, but it had no effect on ADG, final weight, or FG. In Exp. 2, six medium-framed steers, fitted with ruminal cannulas, were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design with the same treatments as described in Exp. 1. Dry matter, OM, and starch digestibilities decreased (P < .01) by increasing replacement of DRC with WM, and replacing ALF increased DM and OM digestibilities linearly (P < .01). Wheat middlings could replace only up to 5% of DRC without reducing feed conversion efficiency and diet digestibilities, but complete (100%) or partial (50%) replacement of ALF increased digestibilities of DRC finishing diets.
我们进行了两项试验，以确定用小麦麸皮（WM）替代育肥牛精饲料或粗饲料成分时的饲喂价值及其对日粮消化率、食糜通过率和瘤胃代谢的影响。在试验1中，120头中等体格的育肥牛按体重进行分组，并随机分配到六种高精料日粮处理组之一：对照组（0%）；用5%、10%或15%的颗粒状WM替代干碾压玉米（DRC）；以及用5%或10%的颗粒状WM替代日粮中的苜蓿干草（ALF）成分。随着WM替代DRC比例的增加，干物质采食量（DMI，P < 0.01）和料重比（FG，P < 0.05）呈线性增加。当WM替代比例为15%时，每日DMI增加了9.2%，FG增加了10.1%。育肥牛的日增重和终体重不受WM替代DRC的影响。用WM替代ALF使每日DMI呈线性下降（P < 0.01），但对平均日增重、终体重或FG没有影响。在试验2中，选用6头装有瘤胃瘘管的中等体格育肥牛，采用6×6拉丁方设计，处理与试验1相同。随着WM替代DRC比例的增加，干物质、有机物和淀粉的消化率下降（P < 0.01），而用WM替代ALF则使干物质和有机物消化率呈线性增加（P < 0.01）。小麦麸皮最多只能替代5%的DRC而不降低饲料转化效率和日粮消化率，但完全（100%）或部分（50%）替代ALF可提高DRC育肥牛日粮的消化率。
