O'Callaghan A, Mead G M
CRC Wessex Medical Oncology Unit, Royal South Hants Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Postgrad Med J. 1997 Aug;73(862):481-6. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.73.862.481.
Testicular cancer is the commonest malignancy in young males and its incidence has more than doubled in the last 25 years. For clinical purposes, two tumour types are identified, seminoma and non-seminoma germ cell tumours (loosely known as teratomas). Stage I disease is confined to the testes and is managed surgically, with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy as appropriate. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for metastatic disease, with cure rates exceeding 80%. Early diagnosis and cure should be the aim in all patients. To this end, those with testicular symptoms should be evaluated promptly by ultrasound, and in young male patients presenting with the clinical picture of metastatic disease, germ cell tumour should top the list of differential diagnoses.
睾丸癌是年轻男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病率在过去25年中增加了一倍多。出于临床目的，可识别出两种肿瘤类型，即精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞性生殖细胞肿瘤（俗称畸胎瘤）。I期疾病局限于睾丸，通过手术治疗，并根据情况辅以化疗或放疗。以顺铂为基础的化疗是转移性疾病治疗的基石，治愈率超过80%。所有患者的目标都应是早期诊断和治愈。为此，有睾丸症状的患者应通过超声迅速进行评估，而对于出现转移性疾病临床表现的年轻男性患者，生殖细胞肿瘤应列为鉴别诊断的首位。
