Mensink G B, Heerstrass D W, Neppelenbroek S E, Schuit A J, Bellach B M
Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Sep;29(9):1192-8. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199709000-00012.
Relationships between coronary risk factors and intensity, duration, and frequency of leisure activity were studied in 5943 men and 6039 women, ages 25-69. Age, smoking, socioeconomics, season, body mass index (BMI), urbanization, occupational activity, and liquid, alcohol, and saturated/total fat intake were adjusted using multivariate regressions. Among men each 100 kcal.kg-1.wk-1 spent on vigorous activities (7.5-9.0 MET) was associated with: significant (P < 0.01) average differences of -0.36 mmol.L-1 total cholesterol, +0.17 mmol.L-1 HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001), +0.05 HDL/total cholesterol (P < 0.001), -0.33 mmol.L-1 triglycerides, -3 mm Hg diastolic blood pressure, -10 beats.min-1 heart rate (P < 0.001), +30 L.min-1 peak flow, and -1.1 kg.m-2 BMI. Among women it was associated with: -7 mm Hg systolic blood pressure, -6 beats.min-1 heart rate (P < 0.001), +50 L.min-1 peak flow (P < 0.001), and -1.4 kg.m-2 BMI (P < 0.05). Moderate activity (either 3.0-4.5 MET or 5.0-7.0 MET) was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with HDL cholesterol, BMI, and, for men, heart rate; for women, it was associated with HDL/total cholesterol, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, and peak flow. With duration and intensity constant, increasing frequency by one time per wk was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with -0.014 mmol.L-1 total cholesterol, +0.001 HDL/total cholesterol, -0.36 beats.min-1 heart rate, -0.093 kg.m-2 BMI among men, and +0.009 mmol.L-1 HDL cholesterol, +0.001 HDL/total cholesterol, -0.014 mmol.L-1 triglycerides, -0.31 beats.min-1 heart rate, and -0.098 kg.m-2 BMI among women. Serum lipids and BMI showed stronger associations with frequency than with intensity or duration.
在5943名年龄在25至69岁之间的男性和6039名女性中，研究了冠心病危险因素与休闲活动强度、持续时间和频率之间的关系。使用多元回归对年龄、吸烟、社会经济状况、季节、体重指数（BMI）、城市化程度、职业活动以及液体、酒精和饱和/总脂肪摄入量进行了调整。在男性中，每消耗100千卡·千克⁻¹·周⁻¹用于剧烈活动（7.5至9.0梅脱），与以下指标存在显著（P<0.01）的平均差异：总胆固醇降低0.36毫摩尔·升⁻¹、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高0.17毫摩尔·升⁻¹（P<0.001）、高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇升高0.05（P<0.001）、甘油三酯降低0.33毫摩尔·升⁻¹、舒张压降低3毫米汞柱、心率降低10次·分钟⁻¹（P<0.001）、峰值流量增加30升·分钟⁻¹、BMI降低1.1千克·米⁻²。在女性中，它与以下指标相关：收缩压降低7毫米汞柱、心率降低6次·分钟⁻¹（P<0.001）、峰值流量增加50升·分钟⁻¹（P<0.001）、BMI降低1.4千克·米⁻²（P<0.05）。中等强度活动（3.0至4.5梅脱或5.0至7.0梅脱）与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、BMI显著相关（P<0.05），对男性而言还与心率相关；对女性而言，它与高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇、甘油三酯、舒张压和峰值流量相关。在持续时间和强度不变的情况下，每周频率增加一次与男性总胆固醇降低0.014毫摩尔·升⁻¹、高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇升高0.001、心率降低0.36次·分钟⁻¹、BMI降低0.093千克·米⁻²显著相关（P<0.05），与女性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高0.009毫摩尔·升⁻¹、高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇升高0.001、甘油三酯降低0.014毫摩尔·升⁻¹、心率降低0.31次·分钟⁻¹、BMI降低0.098千克·米⁻²显著相关。血清脂质和BMI与频率的关联比与强度或持续时间的关联更强。
