Guttmacher S, Lieberman L, Ward D, Freudenberg N, Radosh A, Des Jarlais D
Department of Health Studies, New York University, New York 10003, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1997 Sep;87(9):1427-33. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.9.1427.
This study examines the impact of the condom availability program in New York City public high schools by comparing rates of sexual activity and condom use for New York students and similar students in Chicago.
A total of 7119 students from 12 randomly selected New York schools and 5738 students from 10 Chicago schools participated in a cross-sectional survey.
New York students, compared with Chicago students, reported equal rates of sexual activity but higher rates of condom use at last intercourse (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36). For higher-risk students (those with three or more sexual partners in the past 6 months), condom use was greater in New York (OR = 1.85) than in Chicago.
Condom availability has a modest but significant effect on condom use and does not increase rates of sexual activity. These findings suggest that school-based condom availability can lower the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases for urban teenagers in the United States.
本研究通过比较纽约市公立高中学生与芝加哥类似学生的性活动率和避孕套使用情况，考察纽约市公立高中的避孕套供应计划所产生的影响。
从纽约随机选取的12所学校中，共有7119名学生，以及从芝加哥10所学校中选取的5738名学生参与了一项横断面调查。
与芝加哥学生相比，纽约学生报告的性活动率相同，但最近一次性交时的避孕套使用率更高（优势比[OR]=1.36）。对于高风险学生（过去6个月内有三个或更多性伴侣的学生），纽约的避孕套使用率（OR=1.85）高于芝加哥。
避孕套供应对避孕套使用有适度但显著的影响，且不会提高性活动率。这些研究结果表明，在美国城市青少年中，以学校为基础的避孕套供应可以降低感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病的风险。
