Hayase Y, Tobita K
Department of Virology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997 Aug;51(4):181-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1997.tb02580.x.
Influenza viruses rarely cause acute encephalopathy. Post-influenzal encephalitis, which occurs a few weeks after recovery from influenza is thought to be an autoimmune process associated with demyelination and vasculopathy. It has been suggested that Economo lethargic encephalitis followed by postencephalitic Parkinsonism was associated with the influenza A epidemic of 1918 (Spanish flu). The incidence of Reye's syndrome has markedly decreased due to the avoidance of salicylates in the treatment of influenza or varicella. One inactivated flu vaccine is thought to have caused Guillain Barre syndrome due to molecular mimicry between viral protein and myelin, which triggered autoimmune responses. The persistence of influenza virus genes in neural cells as one of the causes of chronic degenerative diseases of the central nervous system by inducing apoptosis of the host cells is yet to be proven.
流感病毒很少引起急性脑病。感染后脑炎发生在流感康复几周后，被认为是一种与脱髓鞘和血管病变相关的自身免疫过程。有人提出，埃科诺莫昏睡性脑炎继之以脑炎后帕金森综合征与1918年的甲型流感大流行（西班牙流感）有关。由于在治疗流感或水痘时避免使用水杨酸盐，瑞氏综合征的发病率已显著下降。一种灭活流感疫苗被认为因病毒蛋白与髓磷脂之间的分子模拟引发自身免疫反应而导致格林-巴利综合征。流感病毒基因在神经细胞中的持续存在作为中枢神经系统慢性退行性疾病的病因之一，通过诱导宿主细胞凋亡，这一点尚待证实。
