Derenne J P, Couture J, Iscoe S, Whitelaw A, Milic-Emili J
J Appl Physiol. 1976 May;40(5):805-14. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1976.40.5.805.
The effect of general anesthesia on control of breathing was studied by CO2 rebreathing and occlusion pressure measurements in six normal human subjects under methoxyflurane anesthesia. CO2 was found to increase the amplitude of the occlusion pressure wave without changing its shape, so that CO2 responses in terms of the occlusion pressure developed 100 ms after the onset of inspiration (Po/0.1) gave results equivalent to the responses in terms of Po/1.o or any other parameter of the pressure wave. Methoxyflurane depressed the ventilatory response to CO2 but not the occlusion pressure response, implying that the most important action of the anesthetic was to increase the effective elastance of the respiratory system rather than to depress the respiratory centers. The elastance was further increased by CO2, and this mechanical change had the effect of shifting the "apneic threshold" extrapolated from the ventilatory response curve to a lower PAco2. Frequency of breathing, inspiratory and expiratory times were not altered by CO2 in anesthetized subjects.
通过在六名接受甲氧氟烷麻醉的正常人体受试者中进行二氧化碳重复呼吸和阻断压力测量，研究了全身麻醉对呼吸控制的影响。发现二氧化碳可增加阻断压力波的幅度而不改变其形状，因此，以吸气开始后100毫秒时产生的阻断压力（Po/0.1）表示的二氧化碳反应，其结果与以Po/1.0或压力波的任何其他参数表示的反应相当。甲氧氟烷抑制了对二氧化碳的通气反应，但不抑制阻断压力反应，这意味着麻醉剂最重要的作用是增加呼吸系统的有效弹性，而不是抑制呼吸中枢。二氧化碳进一步增加了弹性，这种机械变化具有将从通气反应曲线外推的“呼吸暂停阈值”移至较低的动脉血二氧化碳分压的作用。麻醉受试者的呼吸频率、吸气和呼气时间不受二氧化碳影响。
