Marazzini L, Cavestri R, Gori D, Gatti L, Longhini E
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Dec;118(6):1027-33. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1978.118.6.1027.
During CO2 rebreathing, we measured the pressures generated at the mouth and in the esophagus during the first 0.1 sec of inspiratory effort against a closed airway in 6 normal subjects and 6 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Normal subjects showed similar reponses to CO2 in terms of both mouth pressure and esophageal pressure. Patients' responses at the mouth to CO2 were decreased compared to those of normal subjects, but the responses in the esophagus were not significantly different. The patients demonstrated a greater response of occlusion pressure measured in the esophagus than at the mouth. In patients with altered mechanical properties of the lung, the change in mouth occlusion pressure might be influenced by problems of equalization of pressure within the airways due to unequal time constants, by problems of regional differences in pressure gradients over the pleural surface, or both. Esophageal pressure during airway occlusion 100 msec after the onset of inspiration may be better measure of respiratory drive than mouth pressure in patients with intrinsic increase of airway resistance.
在二氧化碳重复呼吸过程中，我们测量了6名正常受试者和6名慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者在吸气努力的最初0.1秒内，针对闭合气道时口腔和食管产生的压力。正常受试者在口腔压力和食管压力方面对二氧化碳的反应相似。与正常受试者相比，患者口腔对二氧化碳的反应降低，但食管反应无显著差异。患者食管测量的闭塞压力反应比口腔更大。在肺机械特性改变的患者中，口腔闭塞压力的变化可能受到由于时间常数不等导致的气道内压力平衡问题、胸膜表面压力梯度区域差异问题或两者的影响。对于气道阻力内在增加的患者，吸气开始后100毫秒气道闭塞时的食管压力可能比口腔压力更能准确测量呼吸驱动力。
