Fiedler N, Kipen H, Kelly-McNeil K, Fenske R
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1997 Nov;32(5):487-96. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199711)32:5<487::aid-ajim8>3.0.co;2-p.
This study evaluated neuropsychological effects due to chronic organophosphate use among farmers with no history of acute poisoning. Fifty-seven male tree fruit farmers (exposed) were compared with 42 age-matched male cranberry/blueberry growers and hardware store owners (unexposed). Univariate analyses of covariance (reading test as covariate) comparing exposed and unexposed subjects revealed significantly slower reaction time. No other significant differences were noted on tests of concentration, visuomotor skills, memory, expressive language, or mood. Based on an exposure metric derived from detailed exposure histories, farmers were divided into high exposure (n = 40) and low exposure (n = 59) groups, and their neuropsychological performance was compared. Analysis of covariance with age and reading test score as covariates revealed that the high exposure group had significantly slower reaction time, dominant hand. Long-term use of organophosphates without evidence of an acute poisoning episode appears to produce, at most, subtle changes in neuropsychological performance.
本研究评估了无急性中毒史的农民长期使用有机磷农药对神经心理的影响。将57名男性果树种植农民（暴露组）与42名年龄匹配的男性蔓越莓/蓝莓种植者及五金店老板（未暴露组）进行比较。对暴露组和未暴露组进行协方差单因素分析（将阅读测试作为协变量），结果显示反应时间显著减慢。在注意力、视觉运动技能、记忆、语言表达或情绪测试中未发现其他显著差异。根据详细暴露史得出的暴露指标，将农民分为高暴露组（n = 40）和低暴露组（n = 59），并比较了两组的神经心理表现。以年龄和阅读测试分数作为协变量进行协方差分析，结果显示高暴露组优势手的反应时间显著减慢。长期使用有机磷农药且无急性中毒发作证据，似乎最多只会对神经心理表现产生细微变化。
