Geddes J R, Juszczak E, O'Brien F, Kendrick S
Information and Statistics Division, National Health Service in Scotland, Edinburgh.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1997 Aug;51(4):430-4. doi: 10.1136/jech.51.4.430.
To investigate the rate of suicide in the 12 months after discharge from psychiatric hospital and to determine its relationship to age, diagnosis, and period.
Cohort study of patients discharged from psychiatric hospital.
Scotland.
Altogether 159,742 men and 178,271 women, aged 15-84, who were discharged from Scottish psychiatric hospitals during 1968-92.
During the 25 year period, 1212 male patients committed suicide in 198,059 person years at risk (612 per 100,000; 95% confidence interval (CI) 578,647) and 1099 female patients committed suicide in 228,993 person years at risk (480 per 100,000; 95% CI 452, 509). The overall standardised mortality ratio (general population rate = 1) was 27 (95% CI 26, 29) in men and 40 (95% CI 38, 43) in women. There were variations in the suicide rates in relation to age, diagnosis, and period. The ratio of the 1-28 day rate to the rate between days 29 and 365 over the whole study period was 1.7 (95% CI 1.4, 1.9) in men and 1.6 (95% CI 1.3, 1.8) in women.
The variations in the post discharge suicide rate by age, sex, diagnosis, geographical location, and period suggest that there are several risk factors which vary in their distribution. Further study of these may lead to the development of effective interventions.
调查精神病医院出院后12个月内的自杀率，并确定其与年龄、诊断及时间段的关系。
对精神病医院出院患者的队列研究。
苏格兰。
1968年至1992年期间从苏格兰精神病医院出院的159742名男性和178271名女性，年龄在15 - 84岁之间。
在这25年期间，1212名男性患者在198059人年的风险期内自杀（每10万人中有612人自杀；95%置信区间（CI）为578, 647），1099名女性患者在228993人年的风险期内自杀（每10万人中有480人自杀；95% CI为452, 509）。总体标准化死亡率（以普通人群死亡率为1）男性为27（95% CI为26, 29），女性为40（95% CI为38, 43）。自杀率在年龄、诊断及时间段方面存在差异。在整个研究期间，男性1 - 28天的自杀率与第29天至365天的自杀率之比为1.7（95% CI为1.4, 1.9），女性为1.6（95% CI为1.3, 1.8）。
出院后自杀率在年龄、性别、诊断、地理位置和时间段上的差异表明存在多种分布各异的风险因素。对这些因素的进一步研究可能会促成有效的干预措施。
