Faust M, Dimitrovsky L, Davidi S
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1997 Oct;40(5):1026-36. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4005.1026.
The "tip of the tongue" (TOT) paradigm in a picture-naming task was presented to 14 children with language disabilities (LD) and 14 children without language disabilities (ND). Although the two groups did not differ in the semantic information they had on words they could not fully retrieve, the LD children had less valid and more invalid phonological information. They also had fewer correct responses and spontaneous recalls, more "Don't Know" s (DK) and TOTs, and less accurate "feeling of knowing" (FOK) judgments. These results, demonstrating dissociation between the semantic and phonological levels of word representation, support a two-stage model of word retrieval. These findings are evidence in favor of a phonological treatment approach for naming problems in LD children.
在一项图片命名任务中，对14名有语言障碍（LD）的儿童和14名无语言障碍（ND）的儿童采用了“舌尖”（TOT）范式。尽管两组儿童在对无法完全回忆出的单词所拥有的语义信息方面并无差异，但有语言障碍的儿童拥有的有效语音信息较少，无效语音信息较多。他们的正确反应和自发回忆也较少，有更多的“不知道”（DK）和TOT情况，并且“知道感”（FOK）判断的准确性也较低。这些结果表明单词表征的语义和语音层面之间存在分离，支持了单词检索的两阶段模型。这些发现为针对有语言障碍儿童命名问题的语音治疗方法提供了证据。
