Peciña S, Berridge K C, Parker L A
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1109, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Nov;58(3):801-11. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(97)00044-0.
Several "taste reactivity" studies of dopamine and reward have concluded that pimozide suppresses the hedonic reaction patterns normally elicited by sucrose but enhances aversive reaction patterns elicited by quinine. However, other taste reactivity studies have failed to find hedonic/aversive shifts in reaction patterns after dopamine antagonists or dopamine lesions. The divergent conclusions have come from two different laboratories. To resolve the controversy regarding dopamine blockade and palatability, the present study joined the two laboratories to investigate the effect of pimozide on taste reactivity patterns elicited by sucrose and quinine. The results replicated many (but not all) of the earlier findings and identified procedural factors responsible for different outcomes. Overall, the results provide evidence for sensorimotor effects of pimozide on taste reactivity but not for a hedonic shift in palatability. Pimozide suppressed both hedonic and aversive reaction patterns in a gradual sensorimotor fashion when the eliciting taste stimulus was repeated or continued for several minutes. The general suppression typically did not alter the initial reaction to a taste but emerged only after an oral infusion of sucrose or quinine continued for several minutes or trials. Aversive reactions were never enhanced. The balance between hedonic and aversive reaction patterns was not shifted by pimozide. We conclude that pimozide produces a sensorimotor impairment of taste reactivity patterns but does not shift taste palatability toward anhedonia or aversion.
多项关于多巴胺与奖赏的“味觉反应性”研究得出结论，匹莫齐特抑制蔗糖通常引发的享乐反应模式，但增强奎宁引发的厌恶反应模式。然而，其他味觉反应性研究未能发现多巴胺拮抗剂或多巴胺损伤后反应模式中的享乐/厌恶转变。这些不同的结论来自两个不同的实验室。为了解决关于多巴胺阻断与适口性的争议，本研究联合这两个实验室，调查匹莫齐特对蔗糖和奎宁引发的味觉反应性模式的影响。结果重复了许多（但并非全部）早期发现，并确定了导致不同结果的程序因素。总体而言，结果为匹莫齐特对味觉反应性的感觉运动效应提供了证据，但未表明适口性存在享乐转变。当引发味觉刺激重复或持续几分钟时，匹莫齐特以逐渐的感觉运动方式抑制享乐和厌恶反应模式。这种普遍的抑制通常不会改变对味觉的初始反应，而是仅在口服蔗糖或奎宁持续几分钟或多次试验后才出现。厌恶反应从未增强。匹莫齐特并未改变享乐和厌恶反应模式之间的平衡。我们得出结论，匹莫齐特会导致味觉反应性模式出现感觉运动障碍，但不会使味觉适口性转向快感缺失或厌恶。
