Auty R M, Branch R A
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1976 Jun;197(3):669-74.
The elimination of ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and iso-amyl alcohols has been investigated over a dose range in the isolated perfused rat liver. The elimination of ethanol was saturable with a zero-order phase being succeeded below a concentration of 5 mmol by an exponential phase. The elimination of n-propyl, n-butyl and iso-amyl alcohols was similar. There was an increasing affinity of the alcohol to the rate-limiting process with increasing carbon chain length of the alcohol. The apparent Michaelis constants for the alcohols were similar to those determined in vitro with the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. The addition of ethanol simultaneously with either n-propyl, n-butyl or iso-amyl alcohol was associated with a reduction in the rate of elimination of both ethanol and the higher alcohol. Changes in the apparent Michaelis constant (KM) in the absence of changes in the apparent maximal velocity (Vmax) suggested competitive inhibition for the elimination process.
在离体灌注大鼠肝脏中，研究了不同剂量范围内乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇和异戊醇的消除情况。乙醇的消除呈现饱和性，在浓度低于5 mmol时，零级相之后接着是指数相。正丙醇、正丁醇和异戊醇的消除情况相似。随着醇类碳链长度的增加，醇类对限速过程的亲和力增强。这些醇类的表观米氏常数与用醇脱氢酶在体外测定的相似。乙醇与正丙醇、正丁醇或异戊醇同时添加时，乙醇和高级醇的消除速率均降低。在表观最大速度（Vmax）不变的情况下，表观米氏常数（KM）的变化表明消除过程存在竞争性抑制。
