Kristiansen U, Vinggaard A M, Nielsen G D
Danish National Institute of Occupational Health, Hellerup, Denmark.
Arch Toxicol. 1988 Jan;61(3):229-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00316639.
Exposure to n-butanol vapour gave rise to a sensory irritation response which was measured by the reflexively induced decrease in respiratory rate in mice according to the American standard method (E981-84). The response reached maximum within the 1st min of exposure. In this period the expected threshold response (RD-0) and the concentration expected to depress the respiratory rate by 50% (RD-50) were extrapolated to be 233 ppm and 11,696 ppm, respectively. The response followed the dynamics of a bimolecular reaction between butanol and the sensory irritant receptor. For concentrations below 3000 ppm, the response faded due to desensitization. However, concentrations above 3000 ppm gave rise to a new decrease in respiratory rate due to activation of lung receptors. Two types of lung receptors, probably J-receptors and stretch receptors, were involved. The sensory irritation response measured by the standard method gave a threshold response which was comparable to that found by electrophysiological experiments in rats. The irritation response in man as well as the maximum allowable concentration in the working environment were adequately predicted from the sensory irritation response in mice.
根据美国标准方法（E981 - 84），通过反射性诱导小鼠呼吸频率降低来测量暴露于正丁醇蒸汽时产生的感觉刺激反应。该反应在暴露的第1分钟内达到最大值。在此期间，预期阈值反应（RD - 0）和预期使呼吸频率降低50%的浓度（RD - 50）分别推断为233 ppm和11,696 ppm。该反应遵循丁醇与感觉刺激受体之间双分子反应的动力学。对于浓度低于3000 ppm的情况，由于脱敏作用，反应逐渐减弱。然而，浓度高于3000 ppm时，由于肺受体的激活，会导致呼吸频率再次降低。涉及两种类型的肺受体，可能是J受体和牵张受体。通过标准方法测量的感觉刺激反应给出的阈值反应与在大鼠中通过电生理实验发现的阈值反应相当。从小鼠的感觉刺激反应可以充分预测人类的刺激反应以及工作环境中的最大允许浓度。
