Styron T, Janoff-Bulman R
University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 1997 Oct;21(10):1015-23. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(97)00062-8.
The primary aim was to determine the relative contributions of early attachment and abuse history to adult attachment, depression, and conflict resolution behaviors. Differences between abused and nonabused respondents were also assessed.
A multi-scale questionnaire was completed by 879 college students. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to answer the primary research question, and analyses also compared the 26.4% of respondents who reported childhood abuse with those who did not.
Respondents who indicated they had been abused as children reported less secure childhood and adult relationships than their nonabused counterparts. They were also more depressed and more likely to use destructive behaviors in conflict situations. Although both adult romantic attachment and respondents' depression scores were best accounted for by childhood attachment to mother and father rather than abuse history, the opposite pattern of results emerged for conflict resolution behaviors. In this case, abuse history was the stronger predictor, and parental attachment did not account for any significant additional variance.
Results suggest that the long-term impact of childhood abuse may be mediated by early attachment experiences, whereas the long-term impact of abuse on conflict resolution behaviors may be considerably more direct.
主要目的是确定早期依恋和虐待史对成人依恋、抑郁及冲突解决行为的相对影响。同时评估受虐和未受虐受访者之间的差异。
879名大学生完成了一份多维度问卷。采用分层回归分析来回答主要研究问题，并对26.4%报告童年期受虐的受访者与未受虐受访者进行比较分析。
表示童年期受过虐待的受访者比起未受虐的受访者，报告的童年和成年关系安全感更低。他们也更抑郁，在冲突情境中更可能采用破坏性行为。尽管成人浪漫依恋和受访者的抑郁得分最好由童年对父母的依恋来解释，而非虐待史，但在冲突解决行为方面出现了相反的结果模式。在这种情况下，虐待史是更强的预测因素，而父母依恋并未解释任何显著的额外变异。
结果表明，童年虐待的长期影响可能由早期依恋经历介导，而虐待对冲突解决行为的长期影响可能更为直接。
