Harralson T L, Suarez E C, Lawler K A
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Womens Health. 1997 Summer;3(2):151-64.
This study examined cardiovascular reactivity differences among hostile men and women. Sixty-four individuals (33 women 31 men; M = 19.9 years of age) were selected from a sample of 105 volunteers based on their Cook-Medley Hostility Scale scores (Cook & Medley, 1954; less than or equal to 24). Analyses revealed no significant sex differences in Cook-Medley Hostility scores. At baseline, men had higher mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) level. However, during the Stroop Color-Word Conflict Task (Stroop, 1935), high-hostile men and women exhibited similar cardiovascular responses. Further analyses revealed that cardiovascular responses to the Stroop task were differentially associated with among men and women as a function of anger suppression. For women, anger suppression was positively associated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) responses and negatively associated with SBP responses. In contrast, anger suppression was negatively associated with DBP changes and not associated with SBP responses for men. The results suggest that personality factors, such as high hostility and anger suppression, may influence the degree to which men and women differ in their cardiovascular responses to interpersonal stressors.
本研究考察了敌对男性和女性之间的心血管反应差异。从105名志愿者样本中，根据他们的库克-梅德利敌意量表得分（库克和梅德利，1954年；小于或等于24分）挑选出64名个体（33名女性，31名男性；平均年龄19.9岁）。分析显示，库克-梅德利敌意得分不存在显著的性别差异。在基线时，男性的平均收缩压水平较高。然而，在斯特鲁普色词冲突任务（斯特鲁普，1935年）期间，高敌意的男性和女性表现出相似的心血管反应。进一步分析表明，作为愤怒抑制的一个函数，男性和女性对斯特鲁普任务的心血管反应存在差异关联。对于女性，愤怒抑制与舒张压（DBP）反应呈正相关，与收缩压（SBP）反应呈负相关。相比之下，愤怒抑制与男性的舒张压变化呈负相关，与收缩压反应无关。结果表明，诸如高敌意和愤怒抑制等人格因素，可能会影响男性和女性在对人际压力源的心血管反应上的差异程度。
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