McConnico R S, Copedge K, Bischoff K L
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997 Oct 1;211(7):882-6.
Increased popularity during the past decade of brodifacoum, an anticoagulant rodenticide, has led to an increase in cases of accidental poisoning in nontarget species, including pets and farm animals. Pharmacokinetics of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides such as brodifacoum are substantially different from those of first-generation anticoagulant rodenticides such as warfarin. This difference dramatically influences management of exposure in terms of duration and cost of treatment and may affect outcome. The National Poison Control Center reports that approximately 50 cases of brodifacoum exposure have occurred in horses between 1993 and 1997. To our knowledge, this report is the first complete clinical description of accidental ingestion of a potentially lethal dose of brodifacoum in horses. Early recognition of exposure to brodifacoum, subsequent treatment with adequate doses of vitamin K1, and sequential monitoring of clotting times and serum brodifacoum concentration permitted poisoning in these horses to be managed successfully.
过去十年间，第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂溴敌隆的使用日益普遍，导致包括宠物和家畜在内的非靶标物种意外中毒事件增多。第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂（如溴敌隆）的药代动力学与第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂（如华法林）有很大不同。这种差异在治疗持续时间和成本方面极大地影响了中毒处理方式，可能还会影响治疗结果。国家中毒控制中心报告称，1993年至1997年间，约有50例马匹溴敌隆中毒事件。据我们所知，本报告是对马匹意外摄入潜在致死剂量溴敌隆的首次完整临床描述。早期识别溴敌隆中毒、随后给予足够剂量的维生素K1进行治疗，并连续监测凝血时间和血清溴敌隆浓度，使这些马匹的中毒情况得到了成功处理。
