Spiegel T A, Hubert C D, Fried H, Peikin S R, Siegel J A, Zeiger L S
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1997 Nov;62(5):1125-36. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00269-2.
Two parallel preload studies were conducted to determine the relative contributions of inhibitory feedback from the stomach and intestine to satiation (meal termination) and postprandial satiety. In the Gastric Emptying Study, five normal-weight women each ingested an egg sandwich (307 kcal) (1) immediately after a tomato soup preload (120 kcal), (2) 20 min after a tomato soup preload, and (3) with no preload. There was 125 g more of soup in the stomach when subjects began ingesting the sandwich immediately compared to 20 min after the soup, and the emptying of the sandwich was delayed when it was ingested immediately but not 20 min after the soup. The lag times for emptying of the sandwich were 76.5 (69.1-82.4), 47.2 (20.1-67.7), and 42.4 (17.8-65.1) min for the three conditions, respectively, p < 0.05. In the Food Intake Study, 16 normal-weight women ate significantly less (p < 0.01) in test meals offered immediately (978+/-246 kcal) and 20 min (1027+/-298 kcal) after the soup preload than in a test meal with no preload (1151+/-279 kcal). Despite the different amounts of soup in the stomach, subjects' test-meal intake in the two preload conditions was not significantly different. Subjects' fullness ratings following the preloads and the test meals were not different among the treatment conditions. The results suggest that feedback from neither the gastric nor the postgastric compartment is primary in determining meal size and postprandial satiety. Instead, signals from gastric and postgastric sources are combined to determine meal size and postprandial satiety.
进行了两项平行的预负荷研究，以确定来自胃和小肠的抑制性反馈对饱腹感（进餐终止）和餐后饱腹感的相对贡献。在胃排空研究中，五名体重正常的女性分别在以下三种情况下摄入一个鸡蛋三明治（307千卡）：（1）在番茄汤预负荷（120千卡）后立即摄入；（2）在番茄汤预负荷后20分钟摄入；（3）无预负荷。与汤摄入后20分钟相比，受试者立即开始摄入三明治时胃内的汤多125克，且三明治在立即摄入时排空延迟，而在汤摄入后20分钟摄入时则没有延迟。三种情况下三明治排空的延迟时间分别为76.5（69.1 - 82.4）分钟、47.2（20.1 - 67.7）分钟和42.4（17.8 - 65.1）分钟，p < 0.05。在食物摄入研究中，16名体重正常的女性在汤预负荷后立即（978±246千卡）和20分钟（1027±298千卡）提供的测试餐中摄入的食物量明显少于无预负荷的测试餐（1151±279千卡）（p < 0.01）。尽管胃内汤的量不同，但两种预负荷情况下受试者的测试餐摄入量没有显著差异。各治疗组之间，预负荷和测试餐后受试者的饱腹感评分没有差异。结果表明，胃内和胃后腔室的反馈在决定进餐量和餐后饱腹感方面都不是主要因素。相反，来自胃内和胃后来源的信号相互结合以决定进餐量和餐后饱腹感。
