Mehlman P T, Higley J D, Fernald B J, Sallee F R, Suomi S J, Linnoila M
LABS of Virginia, Inc., Yemassee, SC 29945, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1997 Sep 19;72(2):89-102. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(97)00084-x.
This study examines sexual behavior, serotonin turnover in the central nervous system, and testosterone in free-ranging non-human primates. Study subjects were 33 young adult male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) living in naturalistic social groups on a 475-acre South Carolina barrier island. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained during random trappings, and the subjects were located for observation by radio telemetry. Quantitative behavioral samples totaling 203 observation hours were taken during two mating seasons (September through January) in 1994 and 1995. Control observations (65 h) on 13 subjects were also taken during the non-mating seasons in 1994 and 1995. The results indicate that CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), CSF testosterone, and plasma testosterone concentrations increase significantly during the mating season. During the mating season, there were significant increases in high intensity aggression, low intensity aggression, grooming behavior, and heterosexual mounting. In the mating season, CSF 5-HIAA was significantly correlated with several sociosexual behaviors: consorts per hour, heterosexual mounts per hour, and inseminations per hour. In contrast to previous findings from the non-mating season, CSF 5-HIAA was not correlated with any measures of aggression or sociality, although during consorting, CSF 5-HIAA was positively correlated with grooming. From these findings, we conclude that the lack of correlation between intense and severe aggression and CSF 5-HIAA in the mating season may reflect the use of high intensity aggression in 'normative' male-male competition over access to reproductively active females. We also conclude that CNS serotonin turnover is positively correlated with sexual competence, i.e. males with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations are less sexually competent than males with higher concentrations.
本研究考察了自由放养的非人灵长类动物的性行为、中枢神经系统中的血清素周转率以及睾酮水平。研究对象是33只年轻成年雄性恒河猴（猕猴属），它们生活在南卡罗来纳州一个475英亩的屏障岛上的自然社会群体中。在随机诱捕期间采集血液和脑脊液（CSF）样本，并通过无线电遥测确定研究对象的位置以便观察。在1994年和1995年的两个交配季节（9月至1月），共进行了总计203个观察小时的定量行为样本采集。在1994年和1995年的非交配季节，也对13只研究对象进行了对照观察（65小时）。结果表明，在交配季节，脑脊液5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）、脑脊液睾酮和血浆睾酮浓度显著增加。在交配季节，高强度攻击行为、低强度攻击行为、梳理行为和异性间骑跨行为都有显著增加。在交配季节，脑脊液5-HIAA与几种社会性行为显著相关：每小时的配偶行为、每小时的异性间骑跨行为和每小时的授精行为。与非交配季节之前的研究结果相反，脑脊液5-HIAA与任何攻击行为或社交行为指标均无相关性，不过在配偶行为期间，脑脊液5-HIAA与梳理行为呈正相关。从这些发现中，我们得出结论，在交配季节，强烈和严重的攻击行为与脑脊液5-HIAA之间缺乏相关性，这可能反映了在争夺有生殖活性的雌性的“规范性”雄性间竞争中高强度攻击行为的使用。我们还得出结论，中枢神经系统血清素周转率与性能力呈正相关，即脑脊液5-HIAA浓度低的雄性比浓度高的雄性性能力弱。
