Sanberg P R, Silver A A, Shytle R D, Philipp M K, Cahill D W, Fogelson H M, McConville B J
Department of Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa 33612-4799, USA.
Pharmacol Ther. 1997;74(1):21-5. doi: 10.1016/s0163-7258(96)00199-4.
Recent evidence has demonstrated that nicotine may obtund the symptoms of Tourette's syndrome (TS). TS is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics, obsessions and compulsions, and frequently with impulsivity, distractibility, and visual-motor deficits. While neuroleptics, such as haloperidol, are most effective for treatment of the motor and vocal tics of TS, these medications have many side effects. In this article, we review the evidence, consistent with findings in animals, that administration of nicotine (either 2 mg nicotine gum or 7 mg transdermal nicotine patch) potentiates the therapeutic properties of neuroleptics in treating TS patients and that a single patch may be effective for a variable number of days. These findings suggest that transdermal nicotine could serve as an effective adjunct to neuroleptic therapy for TS.
最近的证据表明，尼古丁可能会减轻图雷特综合症（TS）的症状。TS是一种神经精神疾病，其特征为运动和发声抽动、强迫观念和强迫行为，且常伴有冲动性、注意力分散和视觉运动缺陷。虽然抗精神病药物，如氟哌啶醇，对治疗TS的运动和发声抽动最为有效，但这些药物有许多副作用。在本文中，我们回顾了与动物研究结果一致的证据，即给予尼古丁（2毫克尼古丁口香糖或7毫克透皮尼古丁贴片）可增强抗精神病药物治疗TS患者的疗效，且一片贴片可能在不同天数内有效。这些发现表明，透皮尼古丁可作为TS抗精神病药物治疗的有效辅助药物。
