Kaufmann M, Bode J C
Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Abteilung I, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart.
Versicherungsmedizin. 1997 Aug 1;49(4):132-4.
Following the introduction of sensitive and specific tests for the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection studies could be performed to determine the risk to acquire a HCV infection in medical professions. The aim of this report is to summarize the knowledge in this field, especially regarding the risk of transmission of HC virus by injuries with infected material, such as needles. The risk to acquire a HCV infection following needlestick injuries was found to be markedly lower than the risk for transmission of hepatitis B virus infection. In 7 studies from different countries this risk has been found to be between zero to a maximum of 10% (average 2%). When the frequency of HCV infection was studied in occupational groups in hospital (nurses, technical assistants, doctors), it did not differ significantly compared to the prevalence in general population. These and other findings concerning the risk of transmission of HCV infections (between spouses, mother/newborns) clearly show that the risk of transmission of HCV infection is markedly lower than that of HBV infection. These facts should be considered in judging of applications for the recognition of HCV infection as occupational disease.
随着用于检测丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的灵敏且特异的检测方法的引入，可以开展相关研究以确定医疗行业中感染HCV的风险。本报告的目的是总结该领域的知识，尤其是关于被感染物质（如针头）刺伤导致HCV病毒传播的风险。研究发现，针刺伤后感染HCV的风险明显低于感染乙型肝炎病毒的风险。在来自不同国家的7项研究中，这一风险在0至最高10%之间（平均为2%）。当对医院职业群体（护士、技术助理、医生）中的HCV感染率进行研究时，与普通人群中的患病率相比，并无显著差异。这些以及其他有关HCV感染传播风险（配偶之间、母亲/新生儿之间）的研究结果清楚地表明，HCV感染的传播风险明显低于HBV感染。在判定将HCV感染认定为职业病的申请时，应考虑这些事实。
