Ahmed F, Hasan N, Kabir Y
Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Oct;51(10):698-702. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600469.
To investigate the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among adolescent female factory workers in Bangladesh, and examine the association between various factors and vitamin A status.
A cross-sectional study.
Garment factories in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.
Three hundred and eighty eight adolescent girls aged 12-19 y from ten garment factories were selected randomly for the present study. Information on socio-economic conditions and usual pattern of dietary intake were obtained by interview. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected following the interview.
By NCHS reference standard, 15.5% of the participants were thin (< 90% Wt/Ht) and about 7% overweight (> 120% Wt/Ht). In about 56%, serum vitamin A level was below the adequate level of 1.05 mumol/l, with 14% having vitamin A deficiency (< 0.70 mumol/l). Forty four per cent of the participants were found to be anaemic (haemoglobin < 120 g/l). Food frequency data on vitamin A rich foods revealed that a large percentage of the participants do not take eggs (41%), milk (64%), liver (85%) and sweet pumpkin (85%); while about 40% of the girls take dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV) and 17% take small fish at least four servings a week. The girls who consumed four or more servings per week of DGLV had significantly higher serum vitamin A level than the girls who took three servings or less. There was a significant positive association between the level of serum vitamin A and frequency of intake of DGLV (r = 0.12; P = 0.023). When age, level of education, percapita income, haemoglobin concentration, serum protein concentration, menstruation at the time of blood collection, prevalence of current morbidity, frequency of intake of egg, milk, small fish, DGLV, liver and sweet pumpkin were accounted for by multiple regression analysis, a strong relationship was found for serum vitamin A concentration with age, menstruation, haemoglobin level and frequency of intake of DGLV. For every unit change in the frequency of consumption of DGLV, there was 0.013 mumol/l change in serum vitamin A level whilst taking other factors into account.
The data show that there is a high prevalence of subclinical vitamin A deficiency among the adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh, although the anthropometric indices suggest that they do not suffer from acute under nutrition. Consumption of DGLV appears to have an important relation with the vitamin A status of these girls.
调查孟加拉国青春期女性工厂工人中维生素A缺乏症的患病率，并研究各种因素与维生素A状况之间的关联。
一项横断面研究。
孟加拉国达卡市的服装厂。
从十家服装厂中随机选取388名年龄在12 - 19岁的青春期女孩作为本研究对象。通过访谈获取社会经济状况和日常饮食摄入模式的信息。访谈后收集人体测量数据和血样。
根据美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）参考标准，15.5%的参与者体重过轻（体重/身高<90%），约7%超重（体重/身高>120%）。约56%的参与者血清维生素A水平低于1.05μmol/l的适宜水平，其中14%存在维生素A缺乏（<0.70μmol/l）。44%的参与者被发现贫血（血红蛋白<120g/l）。关于富含维生素A食物的食物频率数据显示，很大比例的参与者不吃鸡蛋（41%）、牛奶（64%）、肝脏（85%）和甜南瓜（85%）；而约40%的女孩每周至少食用4份深绿色叶菜，17%的女孩每周至少食用4份小鱼。每周食用4份或更多份深绿色叶菜的女孩血清维生素A水平显著高于食用3份或更少份的女孩。血清维生素A水平与深绿色叶菜的摄入频率之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.12；P = 0.023）。当通过多元回归分析考虑年龄、教育程度、人均收入、血红蛋白浓度、血清蛋白浓度、采血时的月经情况、当前发病率、鸡蛋、牛奶、小鱼、深绿色叶菜、肝脏和甜南瓜的摄入频率时，发现血清维生素A浓度与年龄、月经、血红蛋白水平和深绿色叶菜的摄入频率有很强的关系。在考虑其他因素的情况下，深绿色叶菜消费频率每变化一个单位，血清维生素A水平变化0.013μmol/l。
数据表明，孟加拉国青春期女性服装厂工人中亚临床维生素A缺乏症的患病率很高，尽管人体测量指标表明她们没有急性营养不良。食用深绿色叶菜似乎与这些女孩的维生素A状况有重要关系。
