Hermes D J
Institute for Perception Research/IPO, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1997 Oct;102(4):2390-402. doi: 10.1121/1.419623.
In this study, the relation between the timing of a rising or falling pitch movement and the syllable it accentuates is investigated. The five-syllable utterance /mamamamama/ was provided with a relatively fast rising or falling pitch movement. The timing of the movement was systematically varied and Dutch subjects were asked to indicate which syllable they perceived as accented. In order to find out where in the pitch movement the cue which induces the percept of accentuation is located, the duration of the pitch movement was varied. In order to find out which segments of the utterance this characteristic is linked to, the duration of the /m/ was varied. The results showed that the percept of accentuation is induced by a change in pitch at the start of the movement. The moment at which the course of pitch starts to change significantly determines which syllable is perceived as accented. If this moment lies some tens of milliseconds before the P-center, i.e., the perceptual moment of occurrence of the syllable, the preceding syllable is perceived as accented. For a rise, a high accent is perceived; for a fall, a low accent. If the pitch change occurs after this moment, the syllable with this P-center is perceived as accented. For the rise, a low accent is then perceived; for the fall, a high accent. This will be discussed in the light of earlier research on accentuation and of theoretical knowledge about pitch accents.
在本研究中，调查了音高上升或下降运动的时间与它所强调的音节之间的关系。对五音节发声/mamamamama/施加了相对快速的音高上升或下降运动。系统地改变运动的时间，并要求荷兰受试者指出他们认为哪个音节是重音。为了找出引起重音感知的线索在音高运动中的位置，改变了音高运动的持续时间。为了找出这种特征与发声的哪些部分相关联，改变了/m/的持续时间。结果表明，重音感知是由运动开始时的音高变化引起的。音高变化开始的时刻显著地决定了哪个音节被感知为重音。如果这个时刻在P中心（即音节的感知出现时刻）之前几十毫秒，那么前一个音节被感知为重音。对于上升，感知到高音重音；对于下降，感知到低音重音。如果音高变化发生在这个时刻之后，具有这个P中心的音节被感知为重音。对于上升，然后感知到低音重音；对于下降，感知到高音重音。这将根据早期关于重音的研究以及关于音高重音的理论知识进行讨论。
