Ferri C, La Civita L, Zignego A L, Pasero G
Istituto Patologia Medica I, University of Pisa, Italy.
Eur J Clin Invest. 1997 Sep;27(9):711-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.1790728.x.
Oncogenesis is a multifactorial process in which environmental, genetic and infectious factors are variably involved. A possible role of specific viruses has been suggested in at least 15% of human cancers. Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is both hepato- and lymphotropic, is responsible for various liver disorders, i.e. chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocelluar carcinoma, as well as for a constellation of extrahepatic immune-mediated manifestations, among which is mixed cryoglobulinaemia. This is a systemic disorder secondary to a chronic, benign B-lymphocyte proliferation, which in some subjects may evolve to a malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Interestingly, recent studies reported the appearance of malignant B-cell neoplasias in patients with type C chronic hepatitis; moreover, in a significant number (from 22% to 50%) of 'idiopathic' NHLs, the presence of HCV infection has been demonstrated. The presence of a geographical etherogeneity in the prevalence of HCV-positive NHL suggests that other co-factors, i.e. genetic and environmental, could be involved in the lymphomagenesis. HCV may exert its oncogenic potential in two different directions, leading to liver cancer or B-cell lymphoma.
肿瘤发生是一个多因素过程，其中环境、遗传和感染因素都不同程度地参与其中。至少15%的人类癌症被认为与特定病毒可能有关。丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）具有嗜肝和嗜淋巴细胞特性，可导致各种肝脏疾病，如慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌，以及一系列肝外免疫介导的表现，其中包括混合性冷球蛋白血症。这是一种继发于慢性良性B淋巴细胞增殖的全身性疾病，在某些患者中可能会发展为恶性非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）。有趣的是，最近的研究报道了丙型肝炎慢性患者出现恶性B细胞肿瘤；此外，在相当数量（22%至50%）的“特发性”NHL中，已证实存在HCV感染。HCV阳性NHL患病率存在地理异质性，这表明其他共同因素，即遗传和环境因素，可能参与淋巴瘤的发生。HCV可能在两个不同方向发挥其致癌潜力，导致肝癌或B细胞淋巴瘤。
