Barneveld A, Schamhardt H C
Department of Large Animal Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 1997 May(23):71-5. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05058.x.
To evaluate the effects of uphill trotting on stride characteristics, 6 well trained Dutch Warmblood horses trotted at 4 m/s on a horizontal and on an inclined (6%) treadmill. This was done under 3 different conditions, unloaded, mounted by an experienced 90 kg rider and loaded with 90 kg of lead, to study whether extra weight provoked more or different alterations than the incline per se. In all 3 test situations (unloaded, mounted and lead-loaded), heart rates were significantly higher on the inclined treadmill than on the horizontal treadmill. Stride duration tended to increase on the inclined treadmill. Stance duration increased significantly on a slope, more in the hindlimbs than in the forelimbs. In the unloaded condition, maximal fetlock extension of the forelimb decreased on the incline, whereas maximal fetlock extension of the hindlimb and tarsal range of motion increased significantly on the slope in all 3 conditions. The overall effect was that on an inclined treadmill the hindlimbs seemed to carry more weight (higher maximal fetlock extension), and to provide greater propulsion (higher tarsal flexion and increased pro/retraction).
为评估上坡小跑对步幅特征的影响，6匹训练有素的荷兰温血马在水平跑步机和倾斜度为6%的跑步机上以4米/秒的速度小跑。这在3种不同条件下进行，即空载、由一名体重90公斤的经验丰富骑手骑乘以及背负90公斤铅块，以研究额外重量是否会比坡度本身引发更多或不同的变化。在所有3种测试情况下（空载、骑乘和负重），倾斜跑步机上的心率显著高于水平跑步机上的心率。步幅持续时间在倾斜跑步机上有增加的趋势。站立持续时间在斜坡上显著增加，后肢增加的幅度大于前肢。在空载条件下，前肢最大球节伸展度在斜坡上减小，而后肢最大球节伸展度和跗关节活动范围在所有3种条件下在斜坡上均显著增加。总体效果是，在倾斜跑步机上，后肢似乎承担了更多重量（最大球节伸展度更高），并提供了更大的推进力（跗关节屈曲度更高以及前后移动增加）。
