Turner R B, Sperber S J, Sorrentino J V, O'Connor R R, Rogers J, Batouli A R, Gwaltney J M
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;25(4):824-30. doi: 10.1086/515546.
Limited data support the use of first-generation antihistamines for treatment of the common cold. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of clemastine fumarate, a first-generation antihistamine, for treatment of sneezing and rhinorrhea associated with naturally occurring common colds. Four hundred three subjects (202 clemastine fumarate recipients and 201 placebo recipients) who reported new onset (< 24 hours) of cold symptoms that included rhinorrhea or sneezing were studied. At baseline (day 1), the mean symptom-severity scores +/- SEM for the clemastine fumarate and placebo groups were not significantly different. The mean rhinorrhea-severity score +/- SEM was not different on day 2; however, on day 3, the mean rhinorrhea-severity score +/- SEM was 1.02 +/- 0.07 for the clemastine fumarate group and 1.39 +/- 0.07 for the placebo group (P < .001). This treatment effect persisted on day 4. A significant effect on sneezing was noted on days 2-4. Sedation occurred in 14% of the clemastine fumarate-treated subjects and 1.5% of the placebo-treated subjects (P < .0001).
仅有有限的数据支持使用第一代抗组胺药治疗普通感冒。本研究的目的是测试第一代抗组胺药富马酸氯马斯汀治疗与自然发生的普通感冒相关的打喷嚏和流鼻涕的有效性。对403名报告出现包括流鼻涕或打喷嚏在内的感冒症状新发（<24小时）的受试者进行了研究，其中202名接受富马酸氯马斯汀治疗，201名接受安慰剂治疗。在基线（第1天）时，富马酸氯马斯汀组和安慰剂组的平均症状严重程度评分±标准误无显著差异。第2天流鼻涕严重程度的平均评分±标准误无差异；然而，在第3天，富马酸氯马斯汀组流鼻涕严重程度的平均评分±标准误为1.02±0.07，安慰剂组为1.39±0.07（P<0.001）。这种治疗效果在第4天持续存在，并在第2至4天观察到对打喷嚏有显著效果。14%接受富马酸氯马斯汀治疗的受试者出现镇静作用，接受安慰剂治疗的受试者中这一比例为1.5%（P<0.0001）。
