Davis J M, Kohut M L, Colbert L H, Jackson D A, Ghaffar A, Mayer E P
Department of Exercise Science, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Nov;83(5):1461-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1997.83.5.1461.
The effects of exercise on susceptibility to respiratory infection were determined by using a murine model of intranasal challenge with herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSV-1). Two doses of treadmill exercise were assessed: moderate short-term (30 min) exercise and prolonged strenuous exercise to voluntary fatigue (2.5-3.5 h). Morbidity and mortality among exercised and control mice were compared after intranasal challenge with HSV-1. We also assessed the ability of alveolar macrophages to restrict HSV-1 viral replication (intrinsic resistance) among exercise and control groups of mice at several time points postexercise. Exercise to fatigue followed by exposure to viral infection resulted in greater morbidity and mortality than either no exercise or short-term moderate exercise. In addition, antiviral resistance of macrophages obtained from the lungs of both exercised groups was suppressed, albeit for a longer duration in the fatigued group. These data are particularly important in that they identify an exercise-induced decrease in antiviral resistance of a specific component of the immune system within the lungs, in conjunction with increased susceptibility to respiratory infection in vivo. The specific mechanism of decreased antiviral resistance of alveolar macrophages and its role in respiratory infection after exercise remains to be determined.
通过使用1型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）鼻内攻击的小鼠模型，确定了运动对呼吸道感染易感性的影响。评估了两种跑步机运动剂量：适度短期（30分钟）运动和延长至自愿疲劳的剧烈运动（2.5 - 3.5小时）。在用HSV-1进行鼻内攻击后，比较了运动小鼠和对照小鼠的发病率和死亡率。我们还在运动后几个时间点评估了运动组和对照组小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞限制HSV-1病毒复制的能力（内在抗性）。运动至疲劳后再暴露于病毒感染导致的发病率和死亡率高于不运动或短期适度运动。此外，两个运动组小鼠肺中获得的巨噬细胞的抗病毒抗性均受到抑制，尽管疲劳组的抑制持续时间更长。这些数据尤为重要，因为它们表明运动导致肺内免疫系统特定成分的抗病毒抗性降低，同时体内对呼吸道感染的易感性增加。肺泡巨噬细胞抗病毒抗性降低的具体机制及其在运动后呼吸道感染中的作用仍有待确定。
