Smirniotopoulos J G, Koeller K K, Nelson A M, Murphy F M
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 1997 Aug;7(3):615-37.
This article is a brief review of the radiologic-pathologic correlation of central nervous lesions occurring in patients with AIDS. The major discussions of the imaging appearance and radiologic differential diagnosis have been presented elsewhere in this issue. Our emphasis is on the gross pathologic correlations that are only possible with autopsy materials. We will illustrate the opportunistic neoplasms such as primary CNS lymphoma. This article also discusses the imaging and pathology of the common opportunistic infections. Toxoplasmosis, an obligate intracellular protozoan, is the most common CNS infection producing a mass lesion in AIDS. However, AIDS encephalitis, a direct infection of the brain by the HIV-1 virus itself, may actually be more prevalent. Other viral infections occurring in AIDS include progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Fungal diseases infecting the central nervous system of AIDS patients include cryptococcus, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis. The primary purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the gross pathology correlates with the radiologic images.
本文是对艾滋病患者中枢神经系统病变的放射学-病理学相关性的简要综述。关于影像学表现和放射学鉴别诊断的主要讨论已在本期其他地方呈现。我们重点关注只有通过尸检材料才能实现的大体病理学相关性。我们将阐述诸如原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤等机会性肿瘤。本文还讨论了常见机会性感染的影像学和病理学。弓形虫病是一种专性细胞内原生动物，是艾滋病中最常见的导致中枢神经系统出现肿块病变的感染。然而，艾滋病脑炎，即HIV-1病毒本身对大脑的直接感染，实际上可能更为普遍。艾滋病中发生的其他病毒感染包括进行性多灶性白质脑病。感染艾滋病患者中枢神经系统的真菌病包括隐球菌病、曲霉菌病和毛霉菌病。本文的主要目的是展示大体病理学与放射学图像是如何相关的。
