Lankin V S
Genetika. 1997 Aug;33(8):1119-25.
The motivational nature of domestication-related behavior, as well as its formation and variation at the ontogenetic, population, and breed levels were studied. Food motivation participated in the environmental regulation of sheep defensive reactions to humans: an increase in motivation decreased the strength of defensive behavior, and vice versa. Defensive behavior became weaker with age, with the rate of decrease higher in sheep with high food motivation. Comparison of 11 breeds revealed that the polymorphism of domestication-related behavior was breed-specific. In low-specialized breeds, the "wild" class prevailed (77.0-94.7%); it was characterized by a pronounced defensive behavior. In commercial breeds, the range of variation was broader, with a higher proportion of "domestication" classes. In Ost-Friesian sheep, this proportion was 86.0%. It is suggested that the polymorphism of domestication-related behavior was formed in commercial breeds as a result of natural selection for adaptation to breeding-related stresses and artificial selection for productivity.
研究了与驯化相关行为的动机性质，以及其在个体发育、种群和品种水平上的形成与变异。食物动机参与了绵羊对人类防御反应的环境调节：动机增加会降低防御行为的强度，反之亦然。防御行为随年龄增长而减弱，食物动机高的绵羊防御行为减弱速度更快。对11个品种的比较表明，与驯化相关行为的多态性具有品种特异性。在低专业化品种中，“野生”类别占主导（77.0-94.7%）；其特征是具有明显的防御行为。在商业品种中，变异范围更广，“驯化”类别的比例更高。在东弗里生羊中，这一比例为86.0%。研究表明，与驯化相关行为的多态性是商业品种在适应繁殖相关应激的自然选择和提高生产力的人工选择过程中形成的。
