Ukai T
Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Japan.
Ren Fail. 1997 Sep;19(5):633-45. doi: 10.3109/08860229709109029.
One of the world's largest port cities, Kobe and its vicinity, was hit by a so-called "shallow and direct hit" type earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter scale in the early morning of January 17, 1995. A total of 6308 people were killed and approximately 35,000 people were injured. About 400,000 houses and buildings were more or less damaged, and electricity, water, and city gas supply were suspended in a wide area. Medical facilities were also greatly damaged. The destruction of roads, highways, bridges, and railways made it difficult for people to move within this area. Extraordinary traffic congestion occurred. Telephone lines were disconnected or overloaded. Thus, the modern healthy urban lives that the people had taken for granted were lost in a moment. Emergency responses to the disaster fell behind. Transportation of severely injured patients away from the disaster area to the non-affected area was not smooth because of the interruption of communications and traffic congestion. The scope of the damage from the disaster, types of injuries, characteristics of the victims, problems with emergency medical care encountered in this disaster, and revisions of countermeasures executed after the disaster are reported.
1995年1月17日清晨，世界最大的港口城市之一神户及其周边地区遭受了里氏7.2级的所谓“浅源直下型”地震。共计6308人死亡，约35000人受伤。约40万栋房屋和建筑物或多或少受到损坏，大面积地区停电、停水、停气。医疗设施也遭到严重破坏。道路、高速公路、桥梁和铁路的损毁使得人们在该地区内行动困难。出现了极其严重的交通拥堵。电话线中断或过载。于是，人们习以为常的现代健康城市生活瞬间丧失。对灾难的应急响应滞后。由于通信中断和交通拥堵，重伤患者从灾区转运至非受灾地区并不顺利。本文报告了此次灾难的破坏范围、受伤类型、受害者特征、此次灾难中遇到的紧急医疗问题以及灾后执行的应对措施修订情况。
