Woodruff S I, Zaslow K A, Candelaria J, Elder J P
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies, CA 92123, USA.
Ethn Dis. 1997 Spring-Summer;7(2):121-6.
Hispanic adults (n = 132) attending adult English language classes completed self-report surveys that assessed gender, acculturation level, and nutrition-related factors (i.e., knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, intentions, and fat avoidance). Descriptive statistics showed low nutrition knowledge among the group overall, although beliefs that changes in diet lead to better health, self-efficacy for changing diet, and intentions to make positive changes in diet were quite high. Analysis of variance procedures showed women avoided dietary fat and had greater intentions to make positive dietary changes than did men. In addition, higher acculturation level was related to greater dietary fat avoidance. Gender-by-acculturation interactions were seen for nutrition knowledge and beliefs, indicating complex relationships for these two nutrition variables. Results suggest that dietary interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease risks need to take into account that nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behaviors may vary by gender and the acculturation level of the targeted Hispanic group.
参加成人英语课程的西班牙裔成年人（n = 132）完成了自我报告调查，该调查评估了性别、文化适应水平和与营养相关的因素（即知识、信念、自我效能感、意图和避免脂肪摄入）。描述性统计显示，总体而言该群体的营养知识水平较低，不过认为饮食改变会带来更好健康的信念、改变饮食的自我效能感以及做出积极饮食改变的意图相当高。方差分析程序表明，女性比男性更避免摄入膳食脂肪，并且做出积极饮食改变的意图更强。此外，较高的文化适应水平与更多地避免膳食脂肪有关。在营养知识和信念方面发现了性别与文化适应的相互作用，表明这两个营养变量存在复杂的关系。结果表明，降低心血管疾病风险的饮食干预需要考虑到营养知识、态度和行为可能因目标西班牙裔群体的性别和文化适应水平而异。
