Wang L, Sun J, Hu N
Navy General Hospital, Beijing.
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi. 1996;31(2):69-71.
To observe the ultrastructure of mucous membrane of Eustachian tube in human being, ninteen human's Eustachian tube from various ages, were divided into tympanic segment, isthmus and pharyngeal segment and observed under SEM. The results showed that the epithelium of Eustachian tube consisted of ciliated cells, nonciliated cells and goblet cells. At the isthmus, the bone and cartilage junction, the cells got crowded, and there were more and more goblet cells from tympanic side to pharyngeal side, as well as the cilia of ciliated cell leaned towards the pharyngeal side. The upper one third part of Eustachian tube was covered mostly by nonciliated cells, the floor and lower parts were ciliated cells. It was concluded that the upper parts of Eustachian tube's wall played an important role in maintaining equation of pressure in middle ear, and the floor and lower parts in providing an active mucociliary mechnism. The defence system of the Eustachian tube mucous membrane had developed during the fetal stage and was well established at birth.
为观察人类咽鼓管黏膜的超微结构，将19例不同年龄段的人类咽鼓管分为鼓室段、峡部和咽段，在扫描电子显微镜下进行观察。结果显示，咽鼓管上皮由纤毛细胞、无纤毛细胞和杯状细胞组成。在峡部、骨与软骨交界处，细胞变得拥挤，从鼓室侧到咽侧杯状细胞越来越多，纤毛细胞的纤毛也倾向于咽侧。咽鼓管上三分之一部分主要由无纤毛细胞覆盖，底部和下部为纤毛细胞。得出结论，咽鼓管管壁上部在维持中耳压力平衡方面起重要作用，底部和下部在提供活跃的黏液纤毛机制方面起作用。咽鼓管黏膜的防御系统在胎儿期发育，出生时已完善。
