Gaynor A R, Shofer F S, Washabau R J
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6010, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997 Dec 1;211(11):1406-12.
To identify risk factors associated with acquired megaesophagus in dogs.
Case-control study.
136 dogs with acquired megaesophagus (case dogs); 272 dogs from the general hospital population and 151 dogs that underwent thyroid-stimulating hormone response tests (control dogs). All dogs were more than 6 months old.
Medical records of dogs in which megaesophagus was diagnosed during a 10-year period were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included regurgitation or vomiting, onset of clinical signs at more than 6 months of age, and radiographic evidence of generalized esophageal dilatation. Dogs with intra- or extraesophageal obstructive disease, brain stem disease, or neck trauma were excluded from analyses. Statistical analyses included odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and two-tailed t-tests. Control dogs were frequency matched to case dogs on the basis of year of diagnosis.
Dogs with megaesophagus ranged from 0.75 to 18 years old (mean, 8.1 years) and were significantly older and heavier than control dogs. More males than females were affected, but sex and reproductive status were not associated with megaesophagus. German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers, and Irish Setters were at increased risk for developing megaesophagus. Peripheral neuropathies, laryngeal paralysis, acquired myasthenia gravis, esophagitis, and chronic or recurrent gastric dilatation with or without volvulus were associated with an increased risk of developing megaesophagus. Hypothyroidism was not associated with megaesophagus.
Dogs with acquired megaesophagus should be evaluated for peripheral neuropathies, laryngeal paralysis, acquired myasthenia gravis, esophagitis, and chronic or recurrent gastric dilatation with or without volvulus. These dogs may be evaluated for hypothyroidism; however, this study did not reveal a clear association between hypothyroidism and acquired megaesophagus.
确定与犬获得性巨食管相关的风险因素。
病例对照研究。
136只患有获得性巨食管的犬（病例犬）；272只来自综合医院的犬以及151只接受促甲状腺激素反应试验的犬（对照犬）。所有犬均超过6月龄。
回顾了在10年期间被诊断为巨食管的犬的病历。纳入标准包括反流或呕吐、6月龄以上出现临床症状以及食管普遍扩张的影像学证据。患有食管内或食管外阻塞性疾病、脑干疾病或颈部创伤的犬被排除在分析之外。统计分析包括比值比、95%置信区间和双尾t检验。对照犬根据诊断年份与病例犬进行频率匹配。
患有巨食管的犬年龄在0.75至18岁之间（平均8.1岁），显著比对照犬年龄大且体重重。雄性受影响的比雌性多，但性别和生殖状态与巨食管无关。德国牧羊犬、金毛寻回犬和爱尔兰雪达犬患巨食管的风险增加。周围神经病变、喉麻痹、获得性重症肌无力、食管炎以及伴有或不伴有肠扭转的慢性或复发性胃扩张与患巨食管的风险增加有关。甲状腺功能减退与巨食管无关。
对于患有获得性巨食管的犬，应评估其是否存在周围神经病变、喉麻痹、获得性重症肌无力、食管炎以及伴有或不伴有肠扭转的慢性或复发性胃扩张。这些犬可能需要评估是否患有甲状腺功能减退；然而，本研究未发现甲状腺功能减退与获得性巨食管之间存在明确关联。
