Elwood C, Devauchelle P, Elliott J, Freiche V, German A J, Gualtieri M, Hall E, den Hertog E, Neiger R, Peeters D, Roura X, Savary-Bataille K
Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion, Hitchin, Hertfordshire SG5 3HR.
J Small Anim Pract. 2010 Jan;51(1):4-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00820.x.
Emesis is a common presenting sign in small animal practice. It requires a rational approach to management that is based upon a sound understanding of pathophysiology combined with logical decision making. This review, which assesses the weight of available evidence, outlines the physiology of the vomiting reflex, causes of emesis, the consequences of emesis and the approach to clinical management of the vomiting dog. The applicability of diagnostic testing modalities and the merit of traditional approaches to management, such as dietary changes, are discussed. The role and usefulness of both traditional and novel anti-emetic drugs is examined, including in specific circumstances such as following cytotoxic drug treatment. The review also examines areas in which common clinical practice is not necessarily supported by objective evidence and, as such, highlights questions worthy of further clinical research.
呕吐是小动物临床实践中常见的症状表现。这需要基于对病理生理学的充分理解并结合合理决策制定出合理的管理方法。本综述评估了现有证据的权重，概述了呕吐反射的生理学、呕吐原因、呕吐的后果以及呕吐犬的临床管理方法。讨论了诊断测试方法的适用性以及传统管理方法（如饮食改变）的优点。研究了传统和新型止吐药物的作用和效用，包括在细胞毒性药物治疗后的特定情况下。本综述还审视了常见临床实践不一定有客观证据支持的领域，因此突出了值得进一步临床研究的问题。
