Biswas Maharaj, Manna Chanchal Kumar
Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 2011 Dec 1;18(4):179-85. doi: 10.2165/11593600-000000000-00000.
The aim of this cross-sectional, community-based survey was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) and prehypertension according to sociodemographic features among the members of the households of the Scheduled Caste community of three selected villages (Chowgachha, Bagula and Chakdaha) of the District Nadia, West Bengal, India, in individuals aged 20-70 years.
A door-to-door survey was conducted by the author (MB). Detailed information was collected from participants who were interviewed using a systematic random sampling method and a pretested structured questionnaire. Standard instruments were used to obtain data on weight, height and blood pressure. Data were analysed using the z-test and chi-square test.
Prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension, ISH and IDH in the study population was 19.28%, 17.93%, 8.07% and 6.72%, respectively. There was a significant development of hypertension with increasing age (p<0.001). Males (19.26%) showed a higher hypertensive rate than females (16.66%); however, this was not significant. In the three increasing body mass index (BMI) groups (<19.9, 20-24.9 and ≥25 kg/m(2)), the percentages of patients with hypertension were 19.27%, 23.23% and 29.62%, respectively. Hypertension was higher in the waist hip ratio (WHR) group of 0.90-0.99 (hypertension=23.12%) than the WHR group of 0.80-0.89 (hypertension=7.89%). BMI and WHR were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the hypertensive group compared with the non-hypertensive group. The percentage of patients with hypertension in three successive salt intake groups (3-6.9, 7-10.9 and >11 g/day) were 11.92%, 22.22% and 27.27%, respectively.
The results of this investigation clearly indicate that there was a significant (p<0.001) role of dietary salt in the development of hypertension.
这项基于社区的横断面调查旨在根据印度西孟加拉邦纳迪亚区三个选定村庄（乔加查、巴古拉和查克达哈）在册种姓社区家庭中20至70岁个体的社会人口学特征，调查高血压、单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）、单纯舒张期高血压（IDH）和高血压前期的患病率。
作者（MB）进行了挨家挨户的调查。通过系统随机抽样方法和预先测试的结构化问卷，从接受访谈的参与者那里收集详细信息。使用标准仪器获取体重、身高和血压数据。数据采用z检验和卡方检验进行分析。
研究人群中高血压前期、高血压、ISH和IDH的患病率分别为19.28%、17.93%、8.07%和6.72%。高血压患病率随年龄增长显著升高（p<0.001）。男性（19.26%）的高血压患病率高于女性（16.66%）；然而，差异不显著。在三个体重指数（BMI）递增组（<19.9、20 - 24.9和≥25 kg/m²）中，高血压患者的百分比分别为19.27%、23.23%和29.62%。腰臀比（WHR）在0.90 - 0.99组的高血压患病率（23.12%）高于WHR在0.80 - 0.89组（7.89%）。与非高血压组相比，高血压组的BMI和WHR显著更高（p<0.001）。在连续三个盐摄入量组（3 - 6.9、7 - 10.9和>11 g/天）中，高血压患者的百分比分别为11.92%、22.22%和27.27%。
本次调查结果清楚地表明，饮食中的盐在高血压的发生发展中起显著作用（p<0.001）。
