Rao U N, Aravindakshan M, Satyanarayan V, Chauhan P S
Cell Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay, India.
Alcohol. 1997 Nov-Dec;14(6):527-31. doi: 10.1016/s0741-8329(97)00040-2.
Ethanol is metabolized in human and rodent liver primarily by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Hepatic ADH activity in adult males and females of seven inbred strains of mice was determined to examine genotype- and sex-dependent variability among the strains and the level of sexual dimorphism in each of the strains. ADH activity varied considerably among the strains, which could be categorized into high-activity strains C57BL/6, C57Brcd, and Swiss, and relatively low-activity strains C3H, CBA, and DBA. Adult Swiss, AKR, C57BL/6, and DBA females exhibited significantly higher levels of hepatic ADH than their male counterparts, whereas no gender differences were seen in C3H, CBA, and C57Brcd. Young mice of high and/or low ADH activity strains viz. C57BL/6 and C3H did not exhibit gender differences in ADH activity at weanling but the enzyme levels increased by sixth week in females and remained higher thereafter. The progeny of a high-activity strain with sexual dimorphism (C57BL/6) and a low-activity strain lacking gender difference (C3H) exhibited intermediate levels of ADH and age-dependent sexual dimorphism.
乙醇在人和啮齿动物肝脏中的代谢主要通过乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）进行。测定了七种近交系小鼠成年雄性和雌性的肝脏ADH活性，以研究各品系间基因型和性别依赖性差异以及每个品系的性二态性水平。各品系间的ADH活性差异很大，可分为高活性品系C57BL/6、C57Brcd和瑞士小鼠，以及相对低活性品系C3H、CBA和DBA。成年瑞士小鼠、AKR小鼠、C57BL/6小鼠和DBA小鼠的雌性肝脏ADH水平显著高于雄性，而C3H、CBA和C57Brcd小鼠则未观察到性别差异。高ADH活性和/或低ADH活性品系（即C57BL/6和C3H）的幼鼠在断奶时ADH活性未表现出性别差异，但雌性小鼠的酶水平在第六周时升高，此后一直保持较高水平。具有性二态性的高活性品系（C57BL/6）和缺乏性别差异的低活性品系（C3H）的后代表现出中等水平的ADH和年龄依赖性性二态性。
