Henderson R A, Talusan K, Hutton N, Yolken R H, Caballero B
Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md. 21287-2631, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Dec;97(12):1377-81. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(97)00333-7.
To determine whether reduced serum or plasma protein and micronutrient levels are common in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and whether these levels are different in children with growth retardation compared to those with normal growth.
Children were separated into three groups: (a) HIV-infected with growth retardation (HIV + Gr); (b) HIV-infected with normal growth (HIV+); (c) HIV-uninfected with normal growth (HIV-). All children were afebrile and free of acute infection at the time of study. During a 24-hour stay in the Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, blood was drawn for analysis of total protein, albumin, zinc, selenium, and vitamin A levels; growth measurements were obtained; and dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour weighed food intake and 24-hour dietary recall.
Mean differences between groups were assessed by analysis of variance, and differences in the frequency of nutrient deficiency were determined by chi 2 analysis.
Thirty-eight children between 2 and 11 years of age were studied: 10 HIV + Gr, 18 HIV+, and 10 HIV-. No statistically significantly differences were noted in mean levels of albumin, prealbumin, zinc, and selenium. Mean serum level of vitamin A was significantly higher in the HIV + Gr group than in the other two groups. There were no significant differences between groups in the frequency of deficiency for any nutrient studied. Mean energy and nutrient intake was similar among groups.
APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal serum or plasma protein or micronutrient levels were uncommon in this cohort of HIV-infected children, even in children with growth retardation. Routine monitoring of the level of proteins and micronutrients studied is unnecessary in the absence of specific clinical indicators of deficiency.
确定血清或血浆蛋白及微量营养素水平降低在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的儿童中是否常见，以及与生长正常的儿童相比，生长发育迟缓的儿童这些水平是否存在差异。
儿童被分为三组：（a）感染HIV且生长发育迟缓（HIV + Gr）；（b）感染HIV但生长正常（HIV+）；（c）未感染HIV且生长正常（HIV-）。所有儿童在研究时均无发热且无急性感染。在儿科临床研究室停留24小时期间，采集血液用于分析总蛋白、白蛋白、锌、硒和维生素A水平；进行生长测量；并通过24小时称重食物摄入量和24小时饮食回顾评估饮食摄入量。
通过方差分析评估组间平均差异，通过卡方分析确定营养素缺乏频率的差异。
对38名2至11岁的儿童进行了研究：10名HIV + Gr、18名HIV+和10名HIV-。白蛋白、前白蛋白、锌和硒的平均水平未发现有统计学显著差异。HIV + Gr组的维生素A平均血清水平显著高于其他两组。所研究的任何营养素缺乏频率在组间均无显著差异。各组间平均能量和营养素摄入量相似。
应用/结论：在这组感染HIV的儿童中，即使是生长发育迟缓的儿童，血清或血浆蛋白或微量营养素水平异常也不常见。在缺乏特定缺乏临床指标的情况下，无需对所研究的蛋白质和微量营养素水平进行常规监测。
