Daanen H A, Van de Linde F J, Romet T T, Ducharme M B
TNO Human Factors Research Institute, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1997;76(6):538-43. doi: 10.1007/s004210050287.
The relationship between body temperature and the hunting response (intermittent supply of warm blood to cold exposed extremities) was quantified for nine subjects by immersing one hand in 8 degree C water while their body was either warm, cool or comfortable. Core and skin temperatures were manipulated by exposing the subjects to different ambient temperatures (30, 22, or 15 degrees C), by adjusting their clothing insulation (moderate, light, or none), and by drinking beverages at different temperatures (43, 37 and 0 degrees C). The middle finger temperature (Tfi) response was recorded, together with ear canal (Tear), rectal (Tre), and mean skin temperature (Tsk). The induced mean Tear changes were -0.34 (0.08) and +0.29 (0.03) degrees C following consumption of the cold and hot beverage, respectively. Tsk ranged from 26.7 to 34.5 degrees C during the tests. In the warm environment after a hot drink, the initial finger temperature (T(fi,base)) was 35.3 (0.4) degrees C, the minimum finger temperature during immersion (T(fi,min)) was 11.3 (0.5) degrees C, and 2.6 (0.4) hunting waves occurred in the 30-min immersion period. In the neutral condition (thermoneutral room and beverage) T(fi,base) was 32.1 (1.0) degrees C, T(fi,min) was 9.6 (0.3) degrees C, and 1.6 (0.2) waves occurred. In the cold environment after a cold drink, these values were 19.3 (0.9) degrees C, 8.7 (0.2) degrees C, and 0.8 (0.2) waves, respectively. A colder body induced a decrease in the magnitude and frequency of the hunting response. The total heat transferred from the hand to the water, as estimated by the area under the middle finger temperature curve, was also dependent upon the induced increase or decrease in Tear and Tsk. We conclude that the characteristics of the hunting temperature response curve of the finger are in part determined by core temperature and Tsk. Both T(fi,min) and the maximal finger temperature during immersion were higher when the core temperature was elevated; Tsk seemed to be an important determinant of the onset time of the cold-induced vasodilation response.
通过让9名受试者将一只手浸入8摄氏度的水中，同时使他们的身体处于温暖、凉爽或舒适状态，对体温与狩猎反应（间歇性地向暴露于寒冷环境的肢体供应温血）之间的关系进行了量化。通过让受试者暴露于不同的环境温度（30、22或15摄氏度）、调整他们的衣物隔热程度（适中、轻薄或无）以及饮用不同温度（43、37和0摄氏度）的饮料来控制核心温度和皮肤温度。记录了中指温度（Tfi）反应，以及耳道温度（Tear）、直肠温度（Tre）和平均皮肤温度（Tsk）。饮用冷饮和热饮后，诱导的平均Tear变化分别为-0.34（0.08）摄氏度和+0.29（0.03）摄氏度。测试期间Tsk范围为26.7至34.5摄氏度。在热饮后的温暖环境中，初始手指温度（T(fi,base)）为35.3（0.4）摄氏度，浸入过程中的最低手指温度（T(fi,min)）为11.3（0.5）摄氏度，在30分钟的浸入期内出现2.6（0.4）次狩猎波。在中性条件下（热中性房间和饮料），T(fi,base)为32.1（1.0）摄氏度，T(fi,min)为9.6（0.3）摄氏度，出现1.6（0.2）次波。在冷饮后的寒冷环境中，这些值分别为19.3（0.9）摄氏度、8.7（0.2）摄氏度和0.8（0.2）次波。身体较冷会导致狩猎反应的幅度和频率降低。根据中指温度曲线下的面积估算，从手部传递到水中的总热量也取决于Tear和Tsk的诱导升高或降低。我们得出结论，手指的狩猎温度反应曲线特征部分由核心温度和Tsk决定。当核心温度升高时，T(fi,min)和浸入过程中的最高手指温度均较高；Tsk似乎是冷诱导血管舒张反应起始时间的重要决定因素。
