Tilden J, Hanrahan L P, Anderson H, Palit C, Olson J, Kenzie W M
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Dec;105(12):1360-5. doi: 10.1289/ehp.971051360.
Nationwide, 45 states issue health advisories for sport fish consumers. Chemical contaminants in some Great Lakes (GL) sport fish include compounds suspected of causing adverse reproductive and developmental effects. Although advisories to reduce consumption of contaminated fish, especially by women, have been issued by GL states (i.e., Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin) since the mid-1970s, little is known about advisory awareness and GL sport fish consumption in the general population. To estimate the prevalence of GL sport fish consumption and health advisory awareness, we conducted a population-based telephone survey of 8,306 adult residents of the eight GL states. We gathered information concerning respondents' demographic characteristics, fish consumption during the preceding year, and sport fish consumption advisory awareness. The survey response rate was 69%. GL sport fish were eaten during the preceding year by 8.4% -95% confidence interval (CI), 7.6-9.2- of adults in the GL states, approximately 4.7 million persons. Women accounted for 43.9% (CI,39. 4-48.4) of consumers. Although 49.9% of GL sport fish consumers were aware of a health advisory, awareness varied significantly by sex: 58.2% (CI, 51.7-64.7) of males and 39.1% (CI, 32.6-45.6) of females were aware. Using logistic regression, we found awareness associated with male sex -odds ratio (OR) = 2.3; CI, 1.5-3.5), white race (OR = 4.2; CI, 1.9-9.1), college degree (OR = 3.1; CI, 1.3-7.6), and consuming >=24 GL sport fish meals/year (OR = 2.4; CI, 1.4-4.3). Only half of GL sport fish consumers reported awareness of a health advisory concerning eating GL sport fish. Awareness was especially low among women, suggesting the need of targeted risk communication programs for female consumers.
在全国范围内，45个州针对食用游钓鱼类的消费者发布了健康建议。一些五大湖（GL）游钓鱼类体内的化学污染物包括疑似会对生殖和发育产生不良影响的化合物。自20世纪70年代中期以来，五大湖州（即伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州、密歇根州、明尼苏达州、纽约州、俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州和威斯康星州）已发布建议，减少食用受污染的鱼类，尤其是女性。然而，对于普通人群对这些建议的知晓情况以及五大湖游钓鱼类的消费情况，我们了解甚少。为了估计五大湖游钓鱼类的消费流行率以及对健康建议的知晓情况，我们对五大湖八个州的8306名成年居民进行了一项基于人群的电话调查。我们收集了有关受访者人口统计学特征、前一年的鱼类消费情况以及对游钓鱼类消费建议的知晓情况的信息。调查回复率为69%。在五大湖州，前一年有8.4%（95%置信区间[CI]，7.6 - 9.2）的成年人食用过五大湖游钓鱼类，约470万人。女性占消费者的43.9%（CI，39.4 - 48.4）。尽管49.9%的五大湖游钓鱼类消费者知晓健康建议，但知晓情况因性别差异显著：58.2%（CI，51.7 - 64.7）的男性和39.1%（CI，32.6 - 45.6）的女性知晓。通过逻辑回归分析，我们发现知晓情况与男性性别（优势比[OR] = 2.3；CI，1.5 - 3.5）、白人种族（OR = 4.2；CI，1.9 - 9.1）、大学学历（OR = 3.1；CI，1.3 - 7.6）以及每年食用≥24顿五大湖游钓鱼类餐食（OR = 2.4；CI，1.4 - 4.3）相关。只有一半的五大湖游钓鱼类消费者表示知晓有关食用五大湖游钓鱼类的健康建议。女性中的知晓率尤其低，这表明需要针对女性消费者开展有针对性的风险沟通项目。
