Brennan C A, Lund J K, Golden A, Yamaguchi J, Vallari A S, Phillips J F, Kataaha P K, Jackson J B, Devare S G
Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA.
AIDS. 1997 Dec;11(15):1823-32. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199715000-00006.
To determine the HIV genetic subtypes present in HIV-1-infected asymptomatic blood donors in Uganda and to evaluate serologic detection of infection by commercial immunoassays; to evaluate samples for HIV-1 group O infections.
Sixty-four HIV-seropositive plasma samples were collected from the Nakasero Blood Bank, Kampala, Uganda. The plasma were evaluated using commercial HIV enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and a research immunoblot. HIV-1 group M and O infections were identified on the basis of discordant seroreactivity in EIA and reactivity to group M and O antigens on the immunoblot. Regions of gag p24 and env gp41 were amplified using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and genetic subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis.
Serologic testing confirmed that 63 out of 64 plasma units were positive for HIV-1 group M infection and showed no evidence of HIV-1 group O infections. Genetic subtyping determined that 25 samples were subtype A, three subtype C, 22 subtype D, and nine were heterogeneous for subtypes A and D.
Despite the sequence variation observed in Uganda, commercial EIA based on HIV-1 subtype B proteins detected all the infections. In contrast, a peptide-based assay failed to detect three infections by subtype D viruses. This emphasizes the negative impact of HIV genetic variation on assays that rely on peptides to detect HIV infections. The number of infections with heterogeneous subtype (due to mixed infections or recombinant viruses) is high and reflects the growing complexity of the HIV epidemic in endemic regions where multiple subtypes are present in the population.
确定乌干达HIV-1感染的无症状献血者中存在的HIV基因亚型，并评估商用免疫测定法对感染的血清学检测；评估样本是否感染HIV-1 O组病毒。
从乌干达坎帕拉的纳卡塞罗血库收集了64份HIV血清阳性血浆样本。使用商用HIV酶免疫测定法（EIA）和一种研究用免疫印迹法对血浆进行评估。根据EIA中不一致的血清反应性以及免疫印迹法中对M组和O组抗原的反应性，确定HIV-1 M组和O组感染。使用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增gag p24和env gp41区域，并通过系统发育分析确定基因亚型。
血清学检测证实，64份血浆样本中有63份HIV-1 M组感染呈阳性，未发现HIV-1 O组感染的证据。基因分型确定，25份样本为A亚型，3份为C亚型，22份为D亚型，9份为A亚型和D亚型的混合型。
尽管在乌干达观察到序列变异，但基于HIV-1 B亚型蛋白的商用EIA检测到了所有感染。相比之下，一种基于肽的检测方法未能检测到3例D亚型病毒感染。这强调了HIV基因变异对依赖肽来检测HIV感染的检测方法的负面影响。异质亚型感染（由于混合感染或重组病毒）的数量很高，反映了在流行地区多种亚型在人群中存在的情况下，HIV流行的复杂性日益增加。
