McFarland M R
Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, MI, USA.
Nurs Sci Q. 1997 Winter;10(4):186-92. doi: 10.1177/089431849701000412.
The purpose of this study was to discover the care expressions, practices, and patterns of elderly Anglo- and African American elders. The domain of inquiry was the cultural care of elderly residents within the environmental context of a long-term care institution. The ethnonursing qualitative research method was used to conduct the study which was conceptualized within Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universality. Four major themes were discovered: (a) Residents expressed and lived generic care to maintain their preadmission lifeways; (b) The nursing staff provided aspects of professional care to support satisfying lifeways for residents; (c) Institutional care patterns and expressions were viewed as a continuing life experience but with major differences between the apartment section and nursing home units; and (d) An institutional culture of the retirement home was discovered which reflected unique lifeways and shared care and health expressions and practices. These themes substantiated the culture care theory and revealed new modes of care for the elderly in an institutional setting.
本研究的目的是探究老年英裔和非裔美国老年人的关怀表达、实践及模式。研究领域是长期护理机构环境中老年居民的文化关怀。采用民族护理定性研究方法进行此项研究，该研究基于莱宁格的文化关怀多样性与普遍性理论进行概念化设计。研究发现了四个主要主题：（a）居民表达并践行一般关怀以维持入院前的生活方式；（b）护理人员提供专业护理的各个方面，以支持居民过上满意的生活方式；（c）机构护理模式和表达被视为一种持续的生活体验，但公寓区和养老院单元之间存在重大差异；（d）发现了养老院的一种机构文化，它反映了独特的生活方式以及共享的关怀与健康表达和实践。这些主题证实了文化关怀理论，并揭示了机构环境中老年人护理的新模式。
