Chiel H J, Beer R D
Dept of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7080, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 1997 Dec;20(12):553-7. doi: 10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01149-1.
Studies of mechanisms of adaptive behavior generally focus on neurons and circuits. But adaptive behavior also depends on interactions among the nervous system, body and environment: sensory preprocessing and motor post-processing filter inputs to and outputs from the nervous system; co-evolution and co-development of nervous system and periphery create matching and complementarity between them; body structure creates constraints and opportunities for neural control; and continuous feedback between nervous system, body and environment are essential for normal behavior. This broader view of adaptive behavior has been a major underpinning of ecological psychology and has influenced behavior-based robotics. Computational neuroethology, which jointly models neural control and periphery of animals, is a promising methodology for understanding adaptive behavior.
对适应性行为机制的研究通常聚焦于神经元和神经回路。但适应性行为还取决于神经系统、身体和环境之间的相互作用：感觉预处理和运动后处理对神经系统的输入和输出进行过滤；神经系统与外周的共同进化和共同发育使它们之间形成匹配和互补；身体结构为神经控制带来限制和机遇；神经系统、身体和环境之间的持续反馈对正常行为至关重要。这种对适应性行为更广泛的观点一直是生态心理学的主要支撑，并影响了基于行为的机器人技术。计算神经行为学将动物的神经控制和外周共同建模，是理解适应性行为的一种很有前景的方法。
