Raaschou-Nielsen O, Lohse C, Thomsen B L, Skov H, Olsen J H
Division for Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Res. 1997 Nov;75(2):149-59. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3792.
The aims of the study were to evaluate if the front-door concentrations of benzene, toluene, and xylenes can be used to classify the personal exposures of Danish children and to identify factors that affect their personal exposure. Average concentrations were measured over 1 week with diffusive samplers, and the personal exposures of 98 children and the concentrations outside the front doors of their homes were measured simultaneously. Time and activity patterns were noted in diaries. The front-door concentrations were significantly higher in Copenhagen than in rural areas (all P < 0.0001), but the personal exposures were only slightly higher. Even though the personal exposures were highly significantly associated with front-door concentrations in urban areas (all P < 0.004), use of the residential front-door concentration as an exposure surrogate would imply misclassification, as it cannot be used for rural children. Multiple regression analyses brought to light several factors that affect the exposure of children independently, including front-door concentration, riding in cars, and activities involving potential exposure to gasoline vapors like motocross, moped driving, and refueling of cars.
该研究的目的是评估苯、甲苯和二甲苯的前门浓度是否可用于对丹麦儿童的个人暴露进行分类，并确定影响其个人暴露的因素。使用扩散采样器在1周内测量平均浓度，同时测量98名儿童的个人暴露情况及其家前门外部的浓度。通过日记记录时间和活动模式。哥本哈根的前门浓度显著高于农村地区（所有P<0.0001），但个人暴露仅略高。尽管城市地区的个人暴露与前门浓度高度显著相关（所有P<0.004），但将住宅前门浓度用作暴露替代指标会导致错误分类，因为它不能用于农村儿童。多元回归分析揭示了几个独立影响儿童暴露的因素，包括前门浓度、乘车、以及涉及潜在接触汽油蒸汽的活动，如摩托车越野、驾驶助力车和给汽车加油。
